WPA2 Group Key KRACK nonce re-use

CVSS Meta Temp Score
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CTI Interest Score
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4.7$0-$5k0.00

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in WPA2 (version now known). This affects some unknown processing of the component Group Key Handler. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a nonce re-use vulnerability (KRACK). CWE is classifying the issue as CWE-323. Nonces should be used for the present occasion and only once. This is going to have an impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The summary by CVE is:

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA and WPA2) allows reinstallation of the Group Temporal Key (GTK) during the four-way handshake, allowing an attacker within radio range to replay frames from access points to clients.

The bug was discovered 10/16/2017. The weakness was presented 10/16/2017 by Mathy Vanhoef as confirmed paper (Website). It is possible to read the advisory at papers.mathyvanhoef.com. The vendor was not involved in the public release. The paper contains:

Our research paper behind the attack is titled Key Reinstallation Attacks: Forcing Nonce Reuse in WPA2 and will be presented at the Computer and Communications Security (CCS) conference on Wednesday 1 November 2017.
This vulnerability is uniquely identified as CVE-2017-13078 since 08/22/2017. Attacking locally is a requirement. No form of authentication is needed for exploitation. The technical details are unknown and an exploit is not publicly available. The pricing for an exploit might be around USD $0-$5k at the moment (estimation calculated on 01/03/2023). The attack technique deployed by this issue is T1600.001 according to MITRE ATT&CK. Due to its background and reception, this vulnerability has a historic impact. The advisory points out:
We discovered serious weaknesses in WPA2, a protocol that secures all modern protected Wi-Fi networks. An attacker within range of a victim can exploit these weaknesses using key reinstallation attacks (KRACKs). Concretely, attackers can use this novel attack technique to read information that was previously assumed to be safely encrypted. This can be abused to steal sensitive information such as credit card numbers, passwords, chat messages, emails, photos, and so on. The attack works against all modern protected Wi-Fi networks. Depending on the network configuration, it is also possible to inject and manipulate data. For example, an attacker might be able to inject ransomware or other malware into websites.

We expect the 0-day to have been worth approximately $0-$5k. The vulnerability scanner Nessus provides a plugin with the ID 103855 (ArubaOS WPA2 Key Reinstallation Vulnerabilities (KRACK)), which helps to determine the existence of the flaw in a target environment. It is assigned to the family Misc. and running in the context r. The commercial vulnerability scanner Qualys is able to test this issue with plugin 176821 (Debian Security Update for firmware-nonfree (DLA 1573-1)). The advisory illustrates:

As a proof-of-concept we executed a key reinstallation attack against an Android smartphone. In this demonstration, the attacker is able to decrypt all data that the victim transmits. For an attacker this is easy to accomplish, because our key reinstallation attack is exceptionally devastating against Linux and Android 6.0 or higher.

Upgrading eliminates this vulnerability. A possible mitigation has been published immediately after the disclosure of the vulnerability.

The vulnerability is also documented in the vulnerability database at Tenable (103855). Further details are available at krackattacks.com. See 80765, 81483, 81521 and 99400 for similar entries.

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CVSSv3info

VulDB Meta Base Score: 4.8
VulDB Meta Temp Score: 4.7

VulDB Base Score: 4.3
VulDB Temp Score: 4.1
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NVD Base Score: 5.3
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Exploitinginfo

Name: KRACK
Class: Nonce re-use / KRACK
CWE: CWE-323
CAPEC: 🔍
ATT&CK: 🔍

Local: Yes
Remote: No

Availability: 🔍
Status: Not defined

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Nessus ID: 103855
Nessus Name: ArubaOS WPA2 Key Reinstallation Vulnerabilities (KRACK)
Nessus File: 🔍
Nessus Risk: 🔍
Nessus Family: 🔍
Nessus Context: 🔍

OpenVAS ID: 53378
OpenVAS Name: Debian Security Advisory DSA 3999-1 (wpa - security update)
OpenVAS File: 🔍
OpenVAS Family: 🔍

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Qualys Name: 🔍

Threat Intelligenceinfo

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Countermeasuresinfo

Recommended: Upgrade
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Timelineinfo

08/22/2017 🔍
10/16/2017 +55 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/16/2017 +0 days 🔍
10/17/2017 +1 days 🔍
01/03/2023 +1904 days 🔍

Sourcesinfo

Advisory: RHSA-2017:2907
Researcher: Mathy Vanhoef
Status: Confirmed
Confirmation: 🔍

CVE: CVE-2017-13078 (🔍)
OVAL: 🔍

CERT VU: 🔍
SecurityTracker: 1039573
SecurityFocus: 101274 - WPA2 Key Reinstallation Multiple Security Weaknesses

Misc.: 🔍
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Entryinfo

Created: 10/16/2017 18:10
Updated: 01/03/2023 15:57
Changes: 10/16/2017 18:10 (81), 11/25/2019 15:04 (8), 01/17/2021 07:56 (3), 01/03/2023 15:57 (3)
Complete: 🔍

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