CVE-2017-11459 in TREX
Summary
by MITRE
SAP TREX 7.10 allows remote attackers to (1) read arbitrary files via an fget command or (2) write to arbitrary files and consequently execute arbitrary code via an fdir command, aka SAP Security Note 2419592.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/01/2019
SAP TREX 7.10 represents a significant security vulnerability that exposes critical system components to remote exploitation through improper input validation and file access controls. This vulnerability affects the TREX (Text Retrieval Engine) component within SAP NetWeaver, which serves as a full-text search engine for enterprise applications. The flaw stems from insufficient sanitization of user-supplied input parameters, particularly within the file handling functions that process commands from external sources. Attackers can leverage this weakness to bypass normal access controls and gain unauthorized access to system resources, potentially leading to complete system compromise.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability resides in the improper handling of file operations within the TREX service. The fget command allows attackers to read arbitrary files from the system by manipulating input parameters to specify target file paths, while the fdir command enables both writing to arbitrary files and executing code through direct file system manipulation. These commands operate without adequate validation of user input, allowing malicious actors to traverse directory structures and access sensitive system files including configuration data, authentication credentials, and application binaries. The vulnerability specifically affects the text retrieval engine's ability to properly validate file paths and command parameters, creating an attack surface where remote users can execute privileged operations.
The operational impact of CVE-2017-11459 extends far beyond simple data theft, as it provides attackers with the capability to establish persistent access and escalate privileges within enterprise environments. Successful exploitation can result in complete system compromise, data exfiltration, and disruption of critical business operations. Organizations utilizing SAP TREX 7.10 are particularly vulnerable since this vulnerability affects core infrastructure components that support enterprise search functionality across multiple business applications. The attack vector requires minimal privileges and can be executed remotely, making it attractive to threat actors seeking to infiltrate enterprise networks. This vulnerability directly maps to CWE-22 (Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory) and CWE-73 (External Control of File Name or Path) categories, which are fundamental to file system security.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should prioritize immediate patch application from SAP, specifically addressing SAP Security Note 2419592 which provides detailed remediation guidance. Organizations must implement network segmentation to limit access to TREX services and restrict external exposure of affected systems. Additional defensive measures include implementing proper input validation at all system boundaries, disabling unnecessary file access functionality, and monitoring for suspicious file operations. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK techniques including T1059 (Command and Scripting Interpreter) and T1078 (Valid Accounts) as attackers may leverage compromised systems to establish persistent access and execute malicious commands. Regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be conducted to identify similar weaknesses in related SAP components and ensure comprehensive protection against similar attack vectors.