CVE-2018-14797 in DeltaV DCS
Summary
by MITRE
Emerson DeltaV DCS versions 11.3.1, 12.3.1, 13.3.0, 13.3.1, R5 allow a specially crafted DLL file to be placed in the search path and loaded as an internal and valid DLL, which may allow arbitrary code execution.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/17/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-14797 affects Emerson DeltaV Distributed Control Systems running specific versions including 11.3.1, 12.3.1, 13.3.0, 13.3.1, and R5 releases. This represents a critical security flaw that undermines the integrity of the system's dynamic link library loading mechanism. The issue stems from improper handling of the dynamic link library search path, which creates an exploitable condition where malicious actors can place specially crafted DLL files in strategic locations within the system's execution path.
The technical flaw manifests through a classic insecure library loading vulnerability where the system does not properly validate or restrict the locations from which DLL files can be loaded. This weakness allows an attacker to place a malicious DLL in a directory that is searched before the legitimate system directories, effectively causing the system to load and execute the attacker-controlled code instead of the intended legitimate DLL. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-427 Uncontrolled Search Path Element, which specifically addresses insecure library loading practices that can lead to code injection and arbitrary code execution.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe for industrial control systems environments where DeltaV DCS is deployed. An attacker who can successfully exploit this vulnerability gains the ability to execute arbitrary code within the context of the DeltaV system, potentially leading to complete system compromise. This could result in unauthorized access to critical control functions, modification of control parameters, disruption of industrial processes, and potential safety hazards in environments where process control is paramount. The attack vector is particularly concerning because it requires minimal privileges to execute, as the malicious DLL can be placed in a location that is automatically searched by the system.
Organizations utilizing affected DeltaV DCS versions should implement immediate mitigations to address this vulnerability. The primary recommendation involves applying the vendor-provided security patches and updates that correct the library loading behavior. Additionally, system administrators should implement proper file system permissions and access controls to restrict write access to directories in the DLL search path. Network segmentation and monitoring should be enhanced to detect suspicious file placement activities. This vulnerability demonstrates the importance of following secure coding practices and adheres to ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for Command and Scripting Interpreter, as it allows for arbitrary code execution through legitimate system mechanisms. The risk assessment should consider the potential for lateral movement within industrial networks and the cascading effects that could impact multiple control systems if proper isolation measures are not in place.