CVE-2019-25237 in SOL GPON EPON OLT Platform
Summary
by MITRE • 12/24/2025
V-SOL GPON/EPON OLT Platform v2.03 contains a privilege escalation vulnerability that allows normal users to gain administrative access by manipulating the user role parameter. Attackers can send a crafted HTTP POST request to the user management endpoint with 'user_role_mod' set to integer value '1' to elevate their privileges.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/25/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2019-25237 resides within the V-SOL GPON/EPON OLT Platform version 2.03, representing a critical privilege escalation flaw that fundamentally undermines the system's access control mechanisms. This vulnerability specifically targets the user management functionality of the platform, where the application fails to properly validate user role parameters during administrative operations. The flaw enables unauthorized users to manipulate the system's permission structure by exploiting a simple parameter manipulation technique that bypasses normal authentication and authorization checks.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and inadequate privilege checking within the user management endpoint. When a user submits a HTTP POST request to modify user roles, the system accepts the 'user_role_mod' parameter without proper verification of the requesting user's authorization level or the legitimacy of the role value being assigned. The vulnerability specifically manifests when an attacker sets the 'user_role_mod' parameter to the integer value '1', which corresponds to administrative privileges within the platform's role hierarchy. This integer-based role assignment system lacks proper validation controls that would normally prevent normal users from elevating their privileges to administrative levels.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and far-reaching, as it allows any authenticated user to escalate their privileges to full administrative access without proper authorization. This creates a significant risk for network infrastructure management systems where unauthorized access could lead to complete system compromise, data exfiltration, network disruption, and potential lateral movement within the affected network. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it requires minimal technical expertise to exploit, making it attractive to both malicious actors and automated attack tools. Network administrators and security teams face the risk of unauthorized users gaining complete control over the OLT platform, which governs the provisioning and management of GPON/EPON network services.
This vulnerability maps directly to CWE-285: Improper Authorization, which specifically addresses situations where the application does not properly enforce authorization checks for operations that require elevated privileges. The flaw also aligns with ATT&CK technique T1078: Valid Accounts, as it allows attackers to leverage legitimate user accounts to gain elevated privileges, and T1484: Group Policy Modification, since the privilege escalation affects the platform's user role management system. The attack vector follows the pattern of T1566: Phishing, as users might be tricked into submitting manipulated requests, or T1071: Application Layer Protocol, through the HTTP POST requests that exploit the vulnerability. Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including input validation controls, role-based access controls, and network segmentation to prevent exploitation of this vulnerability. The platform should be updated to version 2.04 or later, which includes proper privilege validation mechanisms and input sanitization to prevent unauthorized role manipulation.