CVE-2025-0730 in TL-SG108E
Summary
by MITRE • 01/27/2025
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in TP-Link TL-SG108E 1.0.0 Build 20201208 Rel. 40304. Affected is an unknown function of the file /usr_account_set.cgi of the component HTTP GET Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument username/password leads to use of get request method with sensitive query strings. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 1.0.0 Build 20250124 Rel. 54920(Beta) is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The vendor was contacted early. They reacted very professional and provided a pre-fix version for their customers.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/16/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-0730 represents a significant security flaw in TP-Link's TL-SG108E network switch firmware version 1.0.0 Build 20201208 Rel. 40304. This issue resides within the HTTP GET Request Handler component, specifically in the /usr_account_set.cgi file which processes user account management operations. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization within the username and password parameters of the HTTP GET request method, creating a potential pathway for unauthorized access to network administrative functions. The flaw is classified as a problematic vulnerability that allows attackers to manipulate sensitive query strings through GET requests, potentially compromising the device's authentication mechanisms.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the improper handling of user credentials within the HTTP GET request parameters, which creates a direct attack vector for credential exposure and unauthorized administrative access. The attack requires remote exploitation through the network interface of the affected device, where attackers can construct malicious GET requests containing sensitive information in query strings. The complexity of exploitation is rated as high, indicating that successful exploitation requires significant technical expertise and specific conditions to be met. This difficulty level aligns with ATT&CK technique T1110.003 for Credential Access via Web Application, where attackers leverage web application vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access. The vulnerability manifests as a failure in proper authentication validation and query string sanitization, creating a potential path for privilege escalation and unauthorized network control.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple credential theft, as it enables attackers to potentially gain administrative control over the network switch, compromising network security and integrity. The device's configuration and user management functions become accessible to unauthorized parties, potentially allowing for network disruption, data interception, or further lateral movement within the network infrastructure. The exposure of sensitive query strings through GET requests creates a persistent risk where credentials can be captured through various means including network traffic analysis, web server logs, or browser history. This vulnerability directly impacts the CIA triad, specifically compromising confidentiality and integrity of the network management system, and could potentially affect availability through unauthorized configuration changes.
Mitigation strategies should prioritize immediate firmware upgrading to the patched version 1.0.0 Build 20250124 Rel. 54920(Beta) as recommended by the vendor. Organizations should also implement network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure of the affected device to unauthorized network access. The vendor's professional response and provision of a pre-fix version demonstrates good security practices and adherence to industry standards for vulnerability disclosure and remediation. Network administrators should conduct thorough vulnerability assessments of all TP-Link devices within their environment to identify potential exposure. The implementation of web application firewalls and monitoring of HTTP GET requests can provide additional detection capabilities for potential exploitation attempts. This vulnerability highlights the importance of proper input validation and secure coding practices, aligning with CWE-20 for Improper Input Validation and CWE-79 for Cross-Site Scripting, both of which are fundamental security principles that should be implemented throughout the software development lifecycle to prevent similar issues in network infrastructure devices.