APT32 Анализ
IOB - Indicator of Behavior (622)
Временная шкала
Деятельность
Интерес
Уязвимости
Кампании (2)
These are the campaigns that can be associated with the actor:
- Cobalt Kitty
- OceanLotus
IOC - Indicator of Compromise (60)
These indicators of compromise highlight associated network ressources which are known to be part of research and attack activities.
ID | IP-адрес | Hostname | Актор | Кампании | Identified | Тип | Уверенность |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 23.227.196.126 | 23-227-196-126.static.hvvc.us | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
2 | 23.227.196.210 | 23-227-196-210.static.hvvc.us | APT32 | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
3 | 23.227.199.121 | 23-227-199-121.static.hvvc.us | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
4 | 27.102.70.211 | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
5 | 37.59.198.130 | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
6 | 37.59.198.131 | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
7 | 45.32.100.179 | 45.32.100.179.vultr.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Средний |
8 | 45.32.105.45 | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
9 | 45.32.114.49 | 45.32.114.49.vultr.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Средний |
10 | 45.76.147.201 | 45.76.147.201.vultr.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Средний |
11 | 45.76.179.28 | 45.76.179.28.vultr.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Средний |
12 | 45.76.179.151 | 45.76.179.151.vultr.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Средний |
13 | 45.77.39.101 | 45.77.39.101.vultr.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Средний |
14 | 45.114.117.137 | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
15 | 45.114.117.164 | folien.reisnart.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
16 | 64.62.174.9 | agent2.jenkins.aoindustries.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
17 | 64.62.174.16 | unassigned16.net2.fc.aoindustries.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
18 | 64.62.174.17 | unassigned17.net2.fc.aoindustries.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
19 | 64.62.174.21 | unassigned21.net2.fc.aoindustries.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
20 | 64.62.174.41 | dev1.plant-orbit.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
21 | 64.62.174.99 | unassigned99.net2.fc.aoindustries.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
22 | 64.62.174.145 | unassigned145.net2.fc.aoindustries.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
23 | 64.62.174.146 | unassigned146.net2.fc.aoindustries.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
24 | 79.143.87.174 | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
25 | 80.255.3.87 | APT32 | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | ||
26 | 89.33.64.207 | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
27 | 89.33.64.232 | mypicsfromplane.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
28 | 103.28.44.112 | 103028044112.hkserverdomain.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
29 | 103.28.44.115 | 103028044115.hkserverdomain.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
30 | 103.41.177.33 | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
31 | 103.53.197.202 | sg06.dewaweb.com | APT32 | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
32 | 104.24.118.185 | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
33 | 104.24.119.185 | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
34 | 104.27.166.79 | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
35 | 104.27.167.79 | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
36 | 104.237.218.67 | usgreatly.com | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
37 | 104.237.218.70 | 70.utdanne.104.xandien.nl | APT32 | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
38 | 104.237.218.72 | emudd.pointumetwe.com | APT32 | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
39 | 108.170.31.69 | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
40 | 110.10.179.65 | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
41 | 128.199.90.216 | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
42 | 128.199.227.80 | 426977.cloudwaysapps.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
43 | 138.197.236.215 | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
44 | 139.59.217.207 | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
45 | 139.59.220.10 | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
46 | 139.59.220.12 | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
47 | 139.59.223.191 | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
48 | 176.107.176.6 | 176.107.176.6.ptr | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
49 | 176.107.177.216 | 176.107.177.216.deltahost-ptr | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
50 | 176.223.111.116 | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
51 | 184.95.51.179 | pen179.penflexhost.com | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
52 | 184.95.51.181 | mx.earthgeneration.org | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
53 | 184.95.51.190 | laudantiumkvgqi.finewonu.club | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
54 | 185.157.79.3 | 185.157.79.3.deltahost-ptr | APT32 | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
55 | 188.166.219.18 | 696006.cloudwaysapps.com | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
56 | 192.121.176.148 | APT32 | Cobalt Kitty | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
57 | 193.169.245.78 | 193.169.245.78.deltahost-ptr | APT32 | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
58 | 193.169.245.137 | n116.deltahost.com.ua | APT32 | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
59 | 203.114.75.22 | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий | |
60 | 203.114.75.73 | APT32 | OceanLotus | 15.12.2020 | verified | Высокий |
TTP - Tactics, Techniques, Procedures (23)
Tactics, techniques, and procedures summarize the suspected MITRE ATT&CK techniques used. This data is unique as it uses our predictive model for actor profiling.
ID | Technique | Уязвимости | Вектор доступа | Тип | Уверенность |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | T1006 | CWE-21, CWE-22, CWE-23 | Path Traversal | predictive | Высокий |
2 | T1040 | CWE-319 | Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay | predictive | Высокий |
3 | T1055 | CWE-74 | Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions | predictive | Высокий |
4 | T1059 | CWE-94 | Argument Injection | predictive | Высокий |
5 | T1059.007 | CWE-79, CWE-80 | Cross Site Scripting | predictive | Высокий |
6 | T1068 | CWE-264, CWE-269, CWE-284 | Execution with Unnecessary Privileges | predictive | Высокий |
7 | T1110.001 | CWE-798 | Hard-coded Credentials | predictive | Высокий |
8 | T1202 | CWE-77, CWE-78 | Command Shell in Externally Accessible Directory | predictive | Высокий |
9 | T1204.001 | CWE-601 | Open Redirect | predictive | Высокий |
10 | T1211 | CWE-254 | 7PK Security Features | predictive | Высокий |
11 | T1222 | CWE-275, CWE-276 | Permission Issues | predictive | Высокий |
12 | T1505 | CWE-89 | SQL Injection | predictive | Высокий |
13 | T1548.002 | CWE-285 | Improper Authorization | predictive | Высокий |
14 | T1552 | CWE-255, CWE-522 | Credentials Management | predictive | Высокий |
15 | T1574 | CWE-426, CWE-427 | Untrusted Search Path | predictive | Высокий |
16 | T1587.003 | CWE-295 | Improper Certificate Validation | predictive | Высокий |
17 | T1588.001 | CWE-912 | Backdoor | predictive | Высокий |
18 | T1592 | CWE-200, CWE-209, CWE-532 | Invocation of Process Using Visible Sensitive Information | predictive | Высокий |
19 | T1592.004 | CWE-16 | Configuration | predictive | Высокий |
20 | T1600 | CWE-310, CWE-311, CWE-326, CWE-327 | Cryptographic Issues | predictive | Высокий |
21 | T1600.001 | CWE-320, CWE-321, CWE-547 | Key Management Error | predictive | Высокий |
22 | T1608.002 | CWE-434 | Incomplete Identification of Uploaded File Variables | predictive | Высокий |
23 | T1611 | CWE-265 | Containment Errors | predictive | Высокий |
IOA - Indicator of Attack (227)
These indicators of attack list the potential fragments used for technical activities like reconnaissance, exploitation, privilege escalation, and exfiltration. This data is unique as it uses our predictive model for actor profiling.
ID | Класс | Indicator | Тип | Уверенность |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | File | /admin/ | predictive | Низкий |
2 | File | /api/ | predictive | Низкий |
3 | File | /cgi-bin/cgiServer.exx | predictive | Высокий |
4 | File | /cgi-bin/login_action.cgi | predictive | Высокий |
5 | File | /cgi-bin/nobody/Search.cgi | predictive | Высокий |
6 | File | /cgi-bin/webviewer_login_page | predictive | Высокий |
7 | File | /dev/sg0 | predictive | Средний |
8 | File | /event/runquery.do | predictive | Высокий |
9 | File | /filemanager/php/connector.php | predictive | Высокий |
10 | File | /forum/away.php | predictive | Высокий |
11 | File | /goform/setmac | predictive | Высокий |
12 | File | /log_download.cgi | predictive | Высокий |
13 | File | /manager?action=getlogcat | predictive | Высокий |
14 | File | /mgmt/tm/util/bash | predictive | Высокий |
15 | File | /pages/systemcall.php?command={COMMAND} | predictive | Высокий |
16 | File | /password.html | predictive | Высокий |
17 | File | /system/ws/v11/ss/email | predictive | Высокий |
18 | File | /uncpath/ | predictive | Средний |
19 | File | /upload | predictive | Низкий |
20 | File | add_vhost.php | predictive | Высокий |
21 | File | admin/gv_mail.php | predictive | Высокий |
22 | File | admin/images.aspx | predictive | Высокий |
23 | File | admin/index.php | predictive | Высокий |
24 | File | adv2.php?action=modify | predictive | Высокий |
25 | File | agent.cfg | predictive | Средний |
26 | File | arch/x86/include/asm/fpu/internal.h | predictive | Высокий |
27 | File | asm/float.c | predictive | Средний |
28 | File | asm/nasm.c | predictive | Средний |
29 | File | auth.php | predictive | Средний |
30 | File | backup.cgi | predictive | Средний |
31 | File | binder.c | predictive | Средний |
32 | File | bitfield.c | predictive | Средний |
33 | File | blob.cpp | predictive | Средний |
34 | File | books.php | predictive | Средний |
35 | File | c.php | predictive | Низкий |
36 | File | cgi-bin/ | predictive | Средний |
37 | File | cgi-bin/ddns_enc.cgi | predictive | Высокий |
38 | File | cgi-bin/luci/admin/network/firewall/rules | predictive | Высокий |
39 | File | cgi-bin/MANGA/admin.cgi | predictive | Высокий |
40 | File | cli.conf | predictive | Средний |
41 | File | coders/png.c | predictive | Средний |
42 | File | coders/tiff.c | predictive | Высокий |
43 | File | coffgen.c | predictive | Средний |
44 | File | config.xml | predictive | Средний |
45 | File | connector.minimal.php | predictive | Высокий |
46 | File | data/gbconfiguration.dat | predictive | Высокий |
47 | File | db.php | predictive | Низкий |
48 | File | detail.php | predictive | Средний |
49 | File | devtools.sh | predictive | Средний |
50 | File | domain/section/markdown/markdown.go | predictive | Высокий |
51 | File | drivers/gpu/drm/udl/udl_fb.c | predictive | Высокий |
52 | File | drivers/scsi/sr_ioctl.c | predictive | Высокий |
53 | File | drivers/usb/misc/iowarrior.c | predictive | Высокий |
54 | File | ebmlstring.c | predictive | Средний |
55 | File | elf.c | predictive | Низкий |
56 | File | email.php | predictive | Средний |
57 | File | events-manager.js | predictive | Высокий |
58 | File | ExceptionHandler.php | predictive | Высокий |
59 | File | extensions.load | predictive | Высокий |
60 | File | FlexPaperViewer.swf | predictive | Высокий |
61 | File | folder_view.php | predictive | Высокий |
62 | File | FortiClientOnlineInstaller.exe | predictive | Высокий |
63 | File | framework/core/subsystems/expRouter.php | predictive | Высокий |
64 | File | fs/userfaultfd.c | predictive | Высокий |
65 | File | function.c | predictive | Средний |
66 | File | functions.php | predictive | Высокий |
67 | File | functions_mod_user.php | predictive | Высокий |
68 | File | getRemoteImage.php | predictive | Высокий |
69 | File | get_set.ccp | predictive | Средний |
70 | File | gki_buffer.cc | predictive | Высокий |
71 | File | handle_load_config.php | predictive | Высокий |
72 | File | hh.exe | predictive | Низкий |
73 | File | image_upload.php | predictive | Высокий |
74 | File | imap/lmtp_sieve.c | predictive | Высокий |
75 | File | inc/config.php | predictive | Высокий |
76 | File | inc/filebrowser/browser.php | predictive | Высокий |
77 | File | include/findusers.php | predictive | Высокий |
78 | File | includes/head.inc.php | predictive | Высокий |
79 | File | index.php | predictive | Средний |
80 | File | init.inc.php | predictive | Средний |
81 | File | intervalCheck.jsp | predictive | Высокий |
82 | File | iptc.c | predictive | Низкий |
83 | File | ItemReview.php | predictive | Высокий |
84 | File | items.c | predictive | Низкий |
85 | File | items.queries.php | predictive | Высокий |
86 | File | item_show.php | predictive | Высокий |
87 | File | JBIG2Stream.cc | predictive | Высокий |
88 | File | jeecgFormDemoController.do?commonUpload | predictive | Высокий |
89 | File | jfinal_cms/admin/filemanager/list | predictive | Высокий |
90 | File | jpgraph.php | predictive | Средний |
91 | File | kbdint.c | predictive | Средний |
92 | File | kernel/events/core.c | predictive | Высокий |
93 | File | kernel/exit.c | predictive | Высокий |
94 | File | kernel/trace/trace_events_filter.c | predictive | Высокий |
95 | File | launchd | predictive | Низкий |
96 | File | libnvmmlite_video.so | predictive | Высокий |
97 | File | libr/asm/asm.c | predictive | Высокий |
98 | File | main/scala/authentikat/jwt/JsonWebToken.scala | predictive | Высокий |
99 | File | misc/apr_rmm.c | predictive | Высокий |
100 | File | mm/mempolicy.c | predictive | Высокий |
101 | File | mm/oom_kill.c | predictive | Высокий |
102 | File | model/__show_info.php | predictive | Высокий |
103 | File | modules/m_sasl.c | predictive | Высокий |
104 | File | NativeNfcManager.cpp | predictive | Высокий |
105 | File | net/ipv4/datagram.c | predictive | Высокий |
106 | File | net/ipv4/inet_connection_sock.c | predictive | Высокий |
107 | File | net/packet/af_packet.c | predictive | Высокий |
108 | File | openjp2/pi.c | predictive | Средний |
109 | File | pages_system_settings.php | predictive | Высокий |
110 | File | plugins\meta_engine\libfolder_plugin.dll | predictive | Высокий |
111 | File | prod.php | predictive | Средний |
112 | File | prog/htmlviewer.c | predictive | Высокий |
113 | File | proxy.cgi | predictive | Средний |
114 | File | public/index.php/home | predictive | Высокий |
115 | File | public/index.php/home/membersnsfriend/findlist.html | predictive | Высокий |
116 | File | QueryComponentRendererValue!Default.jspa | predictive | Высокий |
117 | File | RecentLocationApps.java | predictive | Высокий |
118 | File | register/check/username?username | predictive | Высокий |
119 | File | registration_detailed.inc.php | predictive | Высокий |
120 | File | reports_mta_queue_status.html | predictive | Высокий |
121 | File | secure_img_render.php | predictive | Высокий |
122 | File | server_databases.php | predictive | Высокий |
123 | File | setenv.sh | predictive | Средний |
124 | File | setup/index.php | predictive | Высокий |
125 | File | shop.cgi | predictive | Средний |
126 | File | shop_display_products.php | predictive | Высокий |
127 | File | showcat.php | predictive | Средний |
128 | File | SimpleDecodingSource.cpp | predictive | Высокий |
129 | File | software-description.php | predictive | Высокий |
130 | File | svox_ssml_parser.cpp | predictive | Высокий |
131 | File | SystemEvent.jsp | predictive | Высокий |
132 | File | system_log.cgi | predictive | Высокий |
133 | File | tls1.c | predictive | Низкий |
134 | File | ui/artifact/upload | predictive | Высокий |
135 | File | upgrade_handle.php | predictive | Высокий |
136 | File | view/ProductsView.php | predictive | Высокий |
137 | File | WealthT24/GetImage | predictive | Высокий |
138 | File | welcome.php | predictive | Средний |
139 | File | www/content/lessons/"lesson | predictive | Высокий |
140 | Library | AeXNSPkgDLLib.dll | predictive | Высокий |
141 | Library | ATIDXX64.DLL | predictive | Средний |
142 | Library | ENCDEC.DLL | predictive | Средний |
143 | Library | filmfd.sys | predictive | Средний |
144 | Library | fs/ncpfs/ncplib_kernel.c | predictive | Высокий |
145 | Library | igcore19d.dll | predictive | Высокий |
146 | Library | Lib/DocXMLRPCServer.py | predictive | Высокий |
147 | Library | lib/MongoLite/Database.php | predictive | Высокий |
148 | Library | lib/rrd.php | predictive | Средний |
149 | Library | Monitor_win7_x64.sys | predictive | Высокий |
150 | Library | Monitor_x86.sys | predictive | Высокий |
151 | Library | wsdk-driver.sys | predictive | Высокий |
152 | Argument | $line | predictive | Низкий |
153 | Argument | %s | predictive | Низкий |
154 | Argument | agentid | predictive | Низкий |
155 | Argument | app | predictive | Низкий |
156 | Argument | AUTHENTICATE | predictive | Средний |
157 | Argument | basePath | predictive | Средний |
158 | Argument | bauth | predictive | Низкий |
159 | Argument | bookid | predictive | Низкий |
160 | Argument | cat | predictive | Низкий |
161 | Argument | catid | predictive | Низкий |
162 | Argument | cat_id | predictive | Низкий |
163 | Argument | ccp_act | predictive | Низкий |
164 | Argument | charset | predictive | Низкий |
165 | Argument | code_no | predictive | Низкий |
166 | Argument | configFile | predictive | Средний |
167 | Argument | content | predictive | Низкий |
168 | Argument | Content-Length | predictive | Высокий |
169 | Argument | CPG_M_DIR | predictive | Средний |
170 | Argument | data3 | predictive | Низкий |
171 | Argument | docDownloadPath/uploadLocation | predictive | Высокий |
172 | Argument | err | predictive | Низкий |
173 | Argument | file | predictive | Низкий |
174 | Argument | filename | predictive | Средний |
175 | Argument | fromName/message | predictive | Высокий |
176 | Argument | go | predictive | Низкий |
177 | Argument | groups | predictive | Низкий |
178 | Argument | hostname | predictive | Средний |
179 | Argument | id | predictive | Низкий |
180 | Argument | ipAddr | predictive | Низкий |
181 | Argument | IP address | predictive | Средний |
182 | Argument | item_id | predictive | Низкий |
183 | Argument | l/dl/del | predictive | Средний |
184 | Argument | layout | predictive | Низкий |
185 | Argument | mapTitle | predictive | Средний |
186 | Argument | mosConfig_absolute_path | predictive | Высокий |
187 | Argument | name | predictive | Низкий |
188 | Argument | page | predictive | Низкий |
189 | Argument | password | predictive | Средний |
190 | Argument | Password | predictive | Средний |
191 | Argument | phpbb_root_path | predictive | Высокий |
192 | Argument | priority | predictive | Средний |
193 | Argument | reason | predictive | Низкий |
194 | Argument | redirect | predictive | Средний |
195 | Argument | redirect_uri | predictive | Средний |
196 | Argument | Referer | predictive | Низкий |
197 | Argument | referrer | predictive | Средний |
198 | Argument | resourceName | predictive | Средний |
199 | Argument | rootpath | predictive | Средний |
200 | Argument | sbp | predictive | Низкий |
201 | Argument | search | predictive | Низкий |
202 | Argument | searchid | predictive | Средний |
203 | Argument | sid | predictive | Низкий |
204 | Argument | site | predictive | Низкий |
205 | Argument | sms_content | predictive | Средний |
206 | Argument | sort_by | predictive | Низкий |
207 | Argument | src | predictive | Низкий |
208 | Argument | Swfile | predictive | Низкий |
209 | Argument | sys_name | predictive | Средний |
210 | Argument | tpldir/filename/type/nid | predictive | Высокий |
211 | Argument | upfile | predictive | Низкий |
212 | Argument | uploaddir | predictive | Средний |
213 | Argument | up_auto_log | predictive | Средний |
214 | Argument | url | predictive | Низкий |
215 | Argument | uselang | predictive | Низкий |
216 | Argument | wd | predictive | Низкий |
217 | Argument | _receivers | predictive | Средний |
218 | Input Value | %0a/%0d | predictive | Низкий |
219 | Input Value | ./../../../ | predictive | Средний |
220 | Input Value | 1" onmouseover=prompt(947671) bad=" | predictive | Высокий |
221 | Input Value | </script><script>alert(1)</script> | predictive | Высокий |
222 | Input Value | <ScRiPt >alert(991)</ScRiPt> | predictive | Высокий |
223 | Input Value | welc0me | predictive | Низкий |
224 | Input Value | \x3D../../../../etc/passwd | predictive | Высокий |
225 | Network Port | 8888 | predictive | Низкий |
226 | Network Port | tcp/873 | predictive | Низкий |
227 | Network Port | tcp/6200 | predictive | Средний |
Ссылки (4)
The following list contains external sources which discuss the actor and the associated activities:
- https://cdn2.hubspot.net/hubfs/3354902/Cybereason%20Labs%20Analysis%20Operation%20Cobalt%20Kitty.pdf
- https://github.com/vuldb/cyber_threat_intelligence/tree/main/actors/APT32
- https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/05/cyber-espionage-apt32.html
- https://www.volexity.com/blog/2017/11/06/oceanlotus-blossoms-mass-digital-surveillance-and-exploitation-of-asean-nations-the-media-human-rights-and-civil-society/