CVE-1999-0691 in CDE
Summary
by MITRE
Buffer overflow in the AddSuLog function of the CDE dtaction utility allows local users to gain root privileges via a long user name.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/02/2024
The vulnerability described in CVE-1999-0691 represents a classic buffer overflow flaw within the Common Desktop Environment CDE dtaction utility that enables local privilege escalation. This issue resides in the AddSuLog function where insufficient input validation occurs when processing user names, creating a condition where maliciously crafted input can overwrite adjacent memory locations. The vulnerability specifically affects systems running CDE versions prior to 1.0.1 where the buffer size allocated for user names does not adequately accommodate potentially long input values, leading to memory corruption that can be exploited by local attackers.
The technical implementation of this buffer overflow stems from improper bounds checking within the AddSuLog function of the dtaction utility. When a user name exceeds the predetermined buffer capacity, the excess data overflows into adjacent memory regions, potentially overwriting critical program variables including return addresses or function pointers. This memory corruption can be manipulated to redirect program execution flow, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-121 as a stack-based buffer overflow, where the buffer is allocated on the stack and the overflow occurs during function execution.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability poses significant risk to systems running affected CDE implementations as it enables local users to escalate their privileges from standard user level to root access without requiring authentication. The attack vector is straightforward requiring only local system access and the ability to invoke the vulnerable dtaction utility. This makes the vulnerability particularly dangerous in multi-user environments where local access might be obtained through legitimate means such as shared accounts or compromised user credentials. The impact extends beyond simple privilege escalation as successful exploitation can lead to complete system compromise, data exfiltration, or persistent backdoor installation.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-1999-0691 should prioritize immediate patching of affected CDE installations to version 1.0.1 or later where the buffer overflow has been addressed through proper input validation and bounds checking. System administrators should also implement strict input validation measures to limit user name length and sanitize all inputs to the dtaction utility. Additionally, privilege separation mechanisms should be enforced to minimize the attack surface, ensuring that the dtaction utility operates with minimal required privileges. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of input validation and buffer management practices as outlined in the software security principles of the MITRE ATT&CK framework under the privilege escalation techniques category, specifically targeting the use of vulnerable software functions for code execution and access control bypass. Organizations should also conduct regular security assessments to identify similar buffer overflow vulnerabilities in legacy systems and ensure comprehensive patch management processes are in place to address such critical security flaws before they can be exploited by malicious actors.