CVE-2004-0395 in xatitv
Summary
by MITRE
the xatitv program in the gatos package does not properly drop root privileges when the configuration file does not exist which allows local users to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in a system call.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/22/2019
The vulnerability described in CVE-2004-0395 represents a critical privilege escalation flaw within the gatos package's xatitv program. This issue stems from improper privilege management during program execution, specifically when the program encounters a missing configuration file. The flaw occurs because the xatitv program fails to correctly relinquish root privileges when it attempts to access a non-existent configuration file, creating a persistent security risk that can be exploited by local attackers.
The technical mechanism behind this vulnerability involves the program's handling of system calls when configuration files are missing. When xatitv attempts to process a system call and encounters a missing configuration file, it does not properly drop its elevated privileges before executing the command. This behavior creates a window where maliciously crafted shell metacharacters within the system call can be interpreted and executed with root privileges. The vulnerability is classified as a privilege escalation issue that allows local users to execute arbitrary commands with elevated privileges, effectively bypassing normal security controls.
From an operational impact perspective, this vulnerability enables local attackers to gain root access on systems running affected versions of the gatos package. The exploitability is relatively straightforward as it requires only local access and the ability to manipulate system calls with shell metacharacters. The implications extend beyond simple command execution, as successful exploitation allows attackers to modify system files, install malicious software, and potentially establish persistent backdoors. This vulnerability directly violates the principle of least privilege and represents a fundamental flaw in the program's security architecture.
The vulnerability aligns with CWE-276, which describes improper permissions for privileges, and relates to the broader category of privilege escalation attacks documented in the MITRE ATT&CK framework under privilege escalation techniques. The specific exploitation method falls under the category of "Exploitation for Privilege Escalation" where local users can leverage program design flaws to gain elevated system access. Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including updating to patched versions of the gatos package, ensuring proper privilege dropping mechanisms are in place, and conducting security audits of similar programs that may exhibit comparable behaviors.
Security measures should include verifying that all programs properly drop root privileges upon startup and configuration file validation, implementing proper input sanitization for system calls, and establishing monitoring for unauthorized privilege escalation attempts. The vulnerability highlights the critical importance of privilege management in security-critical applications and demonstrates how seemingly minor design flaws can result in significant security breaches. Regular security assessments and code reviews focusing on privilege handling mechanisms are essential to prevent similar vulnerabilities in other software components.