CVE-2004-0782 in GTK+
Summary
by MITRE
Integer overflow in pixbuf_create_from_xpm (io-xpm.c) in the XPM image decoder for gtk+ 2.4.4 (gtk2) and earlier, and gdk-pixbuf before 0.22, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via certain n_col and cpp values that enable a heap-based buffer overflow. NOTE: this identifier is ONLY for gtk+. It was incorrectly referenced in an advisory for a different issue (CVE-2004-0687).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/11/2025
The vulnerability described in CVE-2004-0782 represents a critical integer overflow flaw within the gtk+ library's XPM image decoder component. This issue affects gtk+ version 2.4.4 and earlier releases, as well as gdk-pixbuf versions prior to 0.22, making it a widespread concern for applications relying on these graphical libraries for image processing. The vulnerability specifically resides in the pixbuf_create_from_xpm function located in the io-xpm.c source file, where improper handling of image metadata leads to exploitable buffer conditions. The flaw occurs when the decoder processes XPM (X PixMap) image files, which are commonly used in graphical user interfaces and desktop environments for displaying icons and small images.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability stems from the improper validation of two critical parameters within the XPM image format: n_col (number of colors) and cpp (characters per pixel). When these values are manipulated to exceed the bounds of standard integer representations, the integer overflow condition triggers a heap-based buffer overflow during memory allocation operations. This occurs because the application calculates buffer sizes based on these parameters without adequate overflow checking, allowing attackers to specify values that, when processed, result in insufficient memory allocation for the actual image data. The overflow condition creates writable memory regions that can be overwritten with malicious code, enabling remote code execution capabilities.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple denial-of-service scenarios, as it provides attackers with the ability to execute arbitrary code on systems running vulnerable applications. This makes it particularly dangerous in environments where applications process untrusted image files, such as web browsers, image viewers, or any software that handles user-uploaded graphics. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely through web-based attacks, email attachments, or any vector that delivers malicious XPM files to vulnerable systems. Given that gtk+ was widely used in desktop environments and applications, the potential attack surface was extensive, affecting numerous software packages and operating systems that relied on these libraries for graphical interface components.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2004-0782 primarily focus on immediate software updates and patches to the affected gtk+ and gdk-pixbuf libraries. System administrators should prioritize upgrading to patched versions where n_col and cpp values are properly validated and bounds-checked before memory allocation occurs. Additionally, implementing input validation measures that restrict the size and format of XPM files processed by applications can provide defensive layers against exploitation attempts. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-190, which specifically addresses integer overflow conditions, and maps to ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for remote code execution through vulnerable libraries. Organizations should also consider implementing network segmentation and application whitelisting policies to limit the potential impact of successful exploitation attempts, particularly in environments where legacy applications may not be immediately patchable.