CVE-2005-2441 in VBzoom
Summary
by MITRE
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in VBzoom allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script and HTML via the (1) UserName parameter to profile.php or (2) UserID parameter to login.php.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/27/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2005-2441 represents a critical security flaw in the VBzoom web application that exposes users to cross-site scripting attacks. This issue affects the application's handling of user input parameters, specifically UserName in profile.php and UserID in login.php, creating opportunities for malicious actors to execute arbitrary code within the context of other users' browsers. The vulnerability falls under the category of persistent XSS attacks, where malicious scripts can be stored on the server and executed whenever affected pages are accessed by unsuspecting users.
The technical root cause of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and output encoding within the VBzoom application's web interface. When users submit data through the UserName parameter in profile.php or the UserID parameter in login.php, the application fails to properly sanitize or escape these inputs before processing or displaying them. This lack of proper input sanitization creates an environment where attackers can inject malicious HTML and JavaScript code that gets executed in the browsers of other users who view the affected pages. The vulnerability is classified as CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation, which is a fundamental weakness in web application security that directly enables XSS attacks.
The operational impact of CVE-2005-2441 extends beyond simple script execution, as it can lead to complete session hijacking, credential theft, and unauthorized access to user accounts. Attackers can exploit these vulnerabilities to steal session cookies, redirect users to malicious websites, or inject phishing content that appears legitimate to victims. The attack surface is particularly concerning because the affected parameters are commonly used during user registration and authentication processes, making them prime targets for exploitation. According to ATT&CK framework, this vulnerability maps to T1566 - Phishing and T1071.1001 - Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols, as attackers can leverage these XSS flaws to establish persistent access to user sessions and compromise the integrity of the web application.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability require immediate implementation of proper input validation and output encoding mechanisms throughout the VBzoom application. The most effective approach involves implementing strict input sanitization that removes or encodes potentially dangerous characters before processing user data, combined with proper output encoding when displaying user-supplied content in web pages. Organizations should also implement Content Security Policy headers to limit the execution of inline scripts and prevent unauthorized code injection. The application should validate all input parameters against whitelisted character sets and lengths, while ensuring that user-generated content is properly escaped before being rendered in HTML contexts. Additionally, regular security code reviews and penetration testing should be conducted to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities in other parts of the application, as this flaw demonstrates a systemic weakness in the application's security architecture that requires comprehensive remediation rather than isolated patches.
The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of implementing defense-in-depth security measures, particularly in web applications where user input is processed and displayed. Modern security frameworks emphasize the need for proactive input validation and output encoding as fundamental security controls, making CVE-2005-2441 a classic example of how simple input handling flaws can create significant security risks. Organizations should treat such vulnerabilities as high-priority issues requiring immediate attention, as the potential for exploitation can result in substantial financial and reputational damage to affected systems and their users.