CVE-2005-2482 in Metasploit Framework
Summary
by MITRE
The StateToOptions function in msfweb in Metasploit Framework 2.4 and earlier, when running with the -D option (defanged mode), allows attackers to modify temporary environment variables before the "_Defanged" environment option is checked when processing the Exploit command.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/27/2017
The vulnerability described in CVE-2005-2482 resides within the Metasploit Framework's msfweb component, specifically in the StateToOptions function that handles command processing when the framework operates in defanged mode. This mode is designed to prevent certain dangerous operations from being executed, typically in environments where security is paramount and the risk of exploitation must be minimized. The flaw manifests when attackers can manipulate temporary environment variables before the system validates whether the defanged mode is active, creating a window of opportunity for privilege escalation and unauthorized command execution.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from improper order of operations within the StateToOptions function. When Metasploit runs with the -D flag, it should enforce a restricted environment where certain commands are disabled or modified to prevent harmful actions. However, the function processes environment variable modifications before checking the defanged state, allowing attackers to set environment variables that could bypass these security restrictions. This timing issue creates a race condition where malicious inputs can alter the execution context before the system validates its security posture, effectively undermining the intended protection mechanisms.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is significant within penetration testing and security research environments where Metasploit is extensively used. Attackers could potentially leverage this flaw to execute commands that would normally be blocked in defanged mode, undermining the security controls designed to prevent accidental or malicious exploitation of vulnerable systems. The vulnerability affects Metasploit Framework versions 2.4 and earlier, making it particularly concerning for organizations that have not updated their security tools, as these older versions remain in use in some legacy environments. This weakness could enable unauthorized access to systems, data exfiltration, or further exploitation of network infrastructure.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2005-2482 should prioritize immediate patching of affected Metasploit Framework versions to ensure proper validation order and environment variable handling. Organizations should implement strict access controls and monitoring for any unauthorized modifications to security tool configurations. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-284 Access Control Issues, specifically related to improper privilege management and environment variable handling. From an ATT&CK perspective, this vulnerability maps to T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter and T1566 Phishing, as it enables attackers to execute malicious commands through compromised security tools. Regular security assessments of penetration testing environments and proper patch management protocols are essential to prevent exploitation of such timing-based vulnerabilities that compromise security controls designed to protect sensitive operations.