CVE-2006-7193 in Smarty
Summary
by MITRE
** DISPUTED ** PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in unit_test/test_cases.php in Smarty 2.6.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the SMARTY_DIR parameter. NOTE: this issue is disputed by CVE and a third party because SMARTY_DIR is a constant.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/08/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2006-7193 pertains to a remote file inclusion flaw within the Smarty template engine version 2.6.1, specifically affecting the unit_test/test_cases.php component. This issue arises from improper handling of the SMARTY_DIR parameter which is intended to define the Smarty directory path. The vulnerability exists in the context of web applications that utilize Smarty for template processing, where the application fails to properly validate or sanitize input parameters before using them in file inclusion operations.
The technical flaw manifests when an attacker can manipulate the SMARTY_DIR parameter through a URL, potentially allowing arbitrary PHP code execution. This occurs because the application treats the parameter as a direct path specification without proper validation, enabling attackers to inject malicious URLs that point to remote resources. The vulnerability represents a classic remote file inclusion (RFI) exploit pattern that has been documented in various security frameworks including CWE-88 and CWE-94, where inadequate input validation leads to code execution. The flaw specifically aligns with ATT&CK technique T1190 which describes the use of remote file inclusion to execute malicious code on target systems.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is significant as it allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable systems, potentially leading to complete system compromise. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to upload and execute malicious scripts, establish backdoors, or perform further reconnaissance and lateral movement within the network. The vulnerability affects web applications that use Smarty 2.6.1 and fail to properly validate the SMARTY_DIR parameter, making it a widespread concern for legacy applications. The issue is particularly dangerous because it can be exploited without authentication and can be automated through web-based attack tools.
While the vulnerability description indicates that this issue is disputed by CVE and a third party due to SMARTY_DIR being a constant, the practical exploitation scenario remains valid in environments where the constant is improperly handled or overridden. The recommended mitigations include upgrading to a patched version of Smarty, implementing proper input validation for all parameters, and using whitelisting approaches for directory path specifications. Additionally, developers should avoid using user-controllable variables in file inclusion operations and implement strict parameter validation. The vulnerability underscores the importance of proper input sanitization and the principle of least privilege in web application security, aligning with security standards such as OWASP Top 10 and NIST cybersecurity framework guidelines for preventing code injection attacks.