CVE-2007-1533 in Windows
Summary
by MITRE
The Teredo implementation in Microsoft Windows Vista uses the same nonce for communication with different UDP ports within a solicitation session, which makes it easier for remote attackers to spoof the nonce through brute force attacks.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/17/2018
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2007-1533 resides within the Teredo protocol implementation in Microsoft Windows Vista operating systems, representing a significant security flaw that undermines the integrity of network communications. Teredo serves as an IPv6 transition mechanism that allows IPv6 packets to be transmitted over IPv4 networks, particularly useful for systems behind NAT devices. The implementation in Windows Vista exhibits a critical weakness in its cryptographic nonce handling during UDP communication sessions, creating exploitable conditions that adversaries can leverage to compromise network security.
This vulnerability stems from the improper generation and reuse of cryptographic nonces within Teredo communication sessions. Specifically, the Windows Vista implementation employs identical nonce values when establishing connections with various UDP ports during a single solicitation session, rather than generating unique nonces for each port interaction. This predictable nonce behavior fundamentally weakens the protocol's ability to authenticate legitimate communications and verify session integrity. The flaw directly violates security principles established in industry standards such as CWE-330, which addresses the use of insufficiently random values in cryptographic contexts, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1071.004 for application layer protocol communication.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple network disruption to encompass serious security implications for systems utilizing Teredo for IPv6 connectivity. Remote attackers can exploit this weakness through brute force methodologies to forge legitimate Teredo communications, potentially enabling them to bypass network security controls, perform man-in-the-middle attacks, or gain unauthorized access to protected resources. The vulnerability particularly affects enterprise environments where Windows Vista systems may be exposed to external networks, as the predictable nonce patterns provide attackers with a clear path to impersonate legitimate Teredo clients and manipulate network traffic. This weakness undermines the fundamental security assumptions of the Teredo protocol and compromises the confidentiality and integrity of IPv6-over-IPv4 communications.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability require immediate attention from system administrators and security professionals managing Windows Vista environments. The primary recommendation involves implementing network segmentation to isolate systems that utilize Teredo functionality from critical network resources, thereby limiting the potential impact of successful attacks. Microsoft addressed this vulnerability through security updates that improved nonce generation algorithms and implemented proper entropy sources for cryptographic operations within the Teredo implementation. Organizations should also consider disabling Teredo functionality when it is not essential for network operations, particularly in environments where alternative IPv6 transition mechanisms are available. Network monitoring solutions should be enhanced to detect anomalous Teredo traffic patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts, while regular security assessments should verify that systems have been properly patched and that appropriate access controls have been implemented to prevent unauthorized use of Teredo capabilities.