CVE-2007-1590 in BudgeTone 200
Summary
by MITRE
The Grandstream BudgeTone 200 IP phone, with program 1.1.1.14 and bootloader 1.1.1.5, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device crash) via SIP (1) INVITE, (2) CANCEL, or unspecified other messages with a WWW-Authenticate header containing a crafted Digest domain.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/25/2024
The Grandstream BudgeTone 200 IP phone represents a significant vulnerability in the realm of voice over internet protocol communications, specifically within the context of SIP protocol handling. This device operates with firmware version 1.1.1.14 and bootloader version 1.1.1.5, making it susceptible to a remote denial of service attack that can completely disrupt communication services. The vulnerability manifests through the manipulation of SIP messages, particularly INVITE and CANCEL requests, which are fundamental components of the SIP signaling protocol used for establishing, modifying, and terminating voice sessions.
The technical flaw resides in the device's inadequate input validation and processing of the WWW-Authenticate header field within SIP messages. When the phone receives a crafted Digest domain value within this header, it fails to properly handle the malformed data, leading to a complete system crash. This vulnerability operates at the application layer of the network stack, specifically targeting the SIP stack implementation within the phone's firmware. The attack vector requires only remote network access to the device, making it particularly dangerous as attackers can exploit this weakness without physical presence or direct network access to the device itself. The vulnerability affects multiple SIP message types, including but not limited to INVITE and CANCEL messages, which broadens the attack surface and increases the likelihood of successful exploitation.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple service disruption, as it can lead to complete communication outages for users relying on the affected IP phone. In enterprise environments where multiple Grandstream BudgeTone 200 devices are deployed, a single successful attack can cascade across the network, potentially affecting critical business communications. The device crash results in immediate loss of voice communication capabilities until manual intervention or power cycle occurs, creating potential security and operational risks. This vulnerability particularly affects organizations that depend on SIP-based communication systems and may not have adequate network segmentation or monitoring in place to detect such attacks. The attack requires minimal technical expertise to execute, making it accessible to a wide range of threat actors from casual script kiddies to more sophisticated adversaries.
Mitigation strategies should focus on immediate firmware updates from Grandstream, which would address the underlying parsing issue in the SIP stack implementation. Network administrators should implement SIP message filtering and validation at network boundaries to prevent malformed messages from reaching the devices. The implementation of intrusion detection systems specifically designed for SIP protocol analysis can help identify and block suspicious traffic patterns. Additionally, network segmentation and access control measures should be enhanced to limit direct network access to IP phones. Organizations should also consider implementing monitoring solutions that can detect device crashes or restarts, which would serve as early warning indicators of potential exploitation attempts. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-129, which addresses improper validation of input boundaries, and relates to ATT&CK technique T1499.004 for network denial of service attacks. The security community should also consider the broader implications of similar vulnerabilities in other VoIP devices and the importance of robust input validation in real-time communication protocols.