CVE-2007-2191 in freePBX
Summary
by MITRE
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in freePBX 2.2.x allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) From, (2) To, (3) Call-ID, (4) User-Agent, and unspecified other SIP protocol fields, which are stored in /var/log/asterisk/full and displayed by admin/modules/logfiles/asterisk-full-log.php.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/02/2025
The vulnerability described in CVE-2007-2191 represents a critical cross-site scripting flaw within the freePBX 2.2.x telephony management system that exposes organizations to significant security risks through web-based attack vectors. This issue affects the Asterisk PBX system's web interface where SIP protocol fields are processed and stored in log files, creating a persistent attack surface that can be exploited by remote threat actors without requiring authentication or privileged access. The vulnerability specifically targets the storage and display mechanisms of SIP protocol data that flows through the system's logging infrastructure, making it particularly dangerous for organizations relying on telephony systems for business communications.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and output sanitization within the freePBX web interface components responsible for processing SIP protocol information. When SIP messages containing malicious payloads are received by the system, the vulnerable fields including From, To, Call-ID, and User-Agent headers are stored in the /var/log/asterisk/full log file without proper sanitization. These stored values are subsequently retrieved and displayed by the admin/modules/logfiles/asterisk-full-log.php script, which fails to implement appropriate HTML escaping or content security measures before rendering the potentially malicious content in the browser context. This represents a classic case of reflected cross-site scripting where user-controllable input data flows through the application's processing pipeline and ultimately reaches the browser without proper sanitization, creating a persistent XSS vulnerability that can affect multiple users who view the affected log files.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft or defacement, as it provides attackers with the ability to execute arbitrary JavaScript code within the context of authenticated users' browsers. This capability enables attackers to perform session hijacking, steal sensitive credentials, redirect users to malicious sites, or manipulate the telephony system's administrative interface to gain further control over the PBX infrastructure. The vulnerability affects organizations using freePBX 2.2.x systems where SIP communications are logged and accessible through the web interface, potentially exposing thousands of users across various industries including healthcare, finance, and government sectors that rely on telephony systems for critical communications. The persistent nature of the vulnerability means that even after initial exploitation, the malicious payloads remain embedded in the log files and continue to affect users who access these administrative interfaces.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including input validation and sanitization of all SIP protocol fields before storage, implementing proper HTML escaping in the log file display components, and restricting access to administrative interfaces through network segmentation and authentication controls. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-79 which specifically addresses cross-site scripting flaws in web applications, and represents a clear violation of the principle of least privilege as it allows unauthenticated remote code execution through the web interface. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to T1059.007 for command and scripting interpreter and T1566.001 for spearphishing attachment, as attackers can leverage the XSS to deliver malicious payloads that persist in the system's logging infrastructure. The remediation strategy should include upgrading to patched versions of freePBX, implementing web application firewalls to monitor for malicious input patterns, and conducting regular security assessments of telephony system interfaces to identify similar vulnerabilities in other components of the communication infrastructure.