CVE-2007-4978 in phpSyncML
Summary
by MITRE
Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in phpSyncML 0.1.2 and earlier allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the base_dir parameter to (1) Decoder.php and (2) Encoder.php in WBXML/.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/07/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2007-4978 represents a critical remote file inclusion flaw affecting phpSyncML version 0.1.2 and earlier installations. This vulnerability resides within the WBXML directory of the application and specifically targets two key files: Decoder.php and Encoder.php. The flaw stems from insufficient input validation mechanisms that fail to properly sanitize user-supplied data before incorporating it into file path operations. Attackers can exploit this weakness by manipulating the base_dir parameter through malicious URLs, thereby enabling arbitrary code execution on the vulnerable system.
The technical nature of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-88, which describes improper neutralization of special elements used in an expression context, and more specifically with CWE-94, which addresses the execution of arbitrary code or commands. The vulnerability operates through a classic remote file inclusion attack vector where an attacker crafts a malicious URL and passes it as the base_dir parameter. When the application processes this parameter without adequate sanitization, it inadvertently includes and executes the remote file, effectively providing attackers with a backdoor into the system. This flaw demonstrates a fundamental lack of proper input validation and secure coding practices in the application's file handling mechanisms.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and multifaceted. Successful exploitation allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code with the privileges of the web server process, potentially leading to complete system compromise. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to install backdoors, steal sensitive data, modify application behavior, or use the compromised system as a launch point for further attacks within the network. The vulnerability affects not just the immediate application but can potentially be used to escalate privileges and move laterally across network infrastructure. Given that phpSyncML is a synchronization tool, the compromise of such a system could lead to unauthorized access to user data and potentially sensitive business information.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability require immediate action including updating to phpSyncML version 0.1.3 or later, which contains patches addressing this specific flaw. Organizations should implement proper input validation mechanisms that sanitize all user-supplied data before processing, particularly when dealing with file path parameters. The principle of least privilege should be enforced by running web applications with minimal required permissions and implementing proper network segmentation. Security measures such as web application firewalls and intrusion detection systems can help detect and prevent exploitation attempts. Additionally, regular security audits and code reviews should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other applications. This vulnerability also highlights the importance of following secure coding practices as outlined in the OWASP Top Ten and the MITRE ATT&CK framework, particularly in preventing server-side request forgery and remote code execution attacks. Organizations should also consider implementing automated vulnerability scanning tools to identify similar issues across their application portfolio and maintain up-to-date security patches across all systems.