CVE-2008-4206 in Dolphin
Summary
by MITRE
PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in config.php in Attachmax Dolphin 2.1.0 and earlier, when register_globals is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the rel_path parameter.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/04/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2008-4206 represents a critical remote file inclusion flaw in the Attachmax Dolphin 2.1.0 content management system, where the configuration file config.php fails to properly validate input parameters. This weakness occurs specifically when the PHP configuration directive register_globals is enabled, creating a dangerous condition where user-supplied data becomes automatically available as global variables within the script execution context. The vulnerability is triggered through the rel_path parameter, which is processed without adequate sanitization or validation, allowing malicious actors to inject arbitrary URLs that get included and executed as PHP code. This type of vulnerability falls under the CWE-88 category of Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command, specifically manifesting as a remote code execution vector through file inclusion mechanisms.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability requires an attacker to craft a malicious request that includes a URL in the rel_path parameter, which then gets processed by the vulnerable application. When register_globals is enabled, the attacker can manipulate the application's behavior by injecting a URL that points to a remote server hosting malicious PHP code. The PHP application will then attempt to include this remote file, executing the malicious code within the context of the web server process. This vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it allows for complete system compromise, enabling attackers to execute arbitrary commands, access sensitive data, or establish persistent backdoors within the affected environment. The attack vector directly aligns with the ATT&CK technique T1190 - Exploit Public-Facing Application, as it targets a publicly accessible web application component.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, as it provides attackers with full control over the affected web server. Successful exploitation can result in data breaches, service disruption, and potential lateral movement within the network infrastructure. The vulnerability affects versions of Attachmax Dolphin up to and including 2.1.0, making it a significant concern for organizations that have not upgraded their systems. The reliance on register_globals being enabled as a prerequisite for exploitation means that environments with proper PHP security hardening would be protected, but this also demonstrates the importance of proper PHP configuration management. Organizations running this vulnerable software face risks of unauthorized access, data exfiltration, and potential establishment of persistent threats within their infrastructure.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2008-4206 require immediate action to address both the specific vulnerability and underlying security misconfigurations. The most effective immediate fix involves upgrading to a patched version of Attachmax Dolphin beyond 2.1.0, where the input validation has been properly implemented to prevent remote file inclusion attacks. Additionally, administrators should disable the register_globals directive in PHP configuration files, as this setting fundamentally undermines security by automatically creating global variables from user input. Implementing proper input validation and sanitization measures within the application code, particularly for parameters like rel_path, provides defense in depth. Network-level protections such as web application firewalls can help detect and block malicious requests attempting to exploit this vulnerability. Organizations should also implement principle of least privilege for web server accounts and regularly audit their PHP configurations to ensure security best practices are maintained, aligning with security frameworks such as the OWASP Top Ten and NIST cybersecurity guidelines.