CVE-2009-2641 in School Data Nav
Summary
by MITRE
PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in app_and_readme/navigator/index.php in School Data Navigator allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the page parameter. NOTE: this can also be leveraged to include and execute arbitrary local files via .. (dot dot) sequences.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/01/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2009-2641 represents a critical remote file inclusion flaw in the School Data Navigator application's navigator component. This weakness exists in the index.php file located within the app_and_readme/navigator directory structure, creating a pathway for malicious actors to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable systems. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and improper parameter handling, allowing attackers to manipulate the page parameter through URL manipulation techniques. The flaw specifically affects PHP applications that dynamically include files based on user-supplied input without adequate sanitization measures.
This vulnerability operates through a classic remote file inclusion attack vector where an attacker can inject malicious URLs into the page parameter to load and execute arbitrary PHP code from remote locations. The security issue is further compounded by the fact that the same vulnerability can be exploited to include and execute local files through directory traversal sequences using .. (dot dot) notation. This dual exploitation capability significantly increases the attack surface and potential impact of the vulnerability. The flaw directly maps to CWE-88, which describes improper neutralization of special elements used in an expression, and CWE-94, which covers execution of arbitrary code through unrestricted file inclusion. The vulnerability demonstrates a clear failure in input validation and parameter sanitization practices that are fundamental to secure application development.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and multifaceted, as it allows attackers to gain full control over affected systems. Remote code execution capabilities enable adversaries to install backdoors, exfiltrate sensitive data, perform lateral movement within networks, and establish persistent access to compromised environments. In the context of educational institutions using School Data Navigator, this vulnerability could lead to the exposure of student records, academic data, and administrative information, potentially violating privacy regulations and educational data protection standards. The vulnerability's exploitation does not require authentication, making it particularly dangerous as it can be leveraged by anyone with access to the affected application. Attackers can utilize this flaw to execute commands on the target system, potentially leading to complete system compromise and data breaches.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2009-2641 must address both the immediate vulnerability and underlying architectural issues that enabled the flaw. The primary defense involves implementing strict input validation and parameter sanitization for all user-supplied data, particularly parameters used in file inclusion operations. Applications should employ a whitelist approach for acceptable file paths and reject any input containing directory traversal sequences or external URL references. The implementation of secure coding practices including the use of allowlists for file inclusion, proper input sanitization, and avoiding dynamic file inclusion based on user input are essential. Organizations should also consider implementing web application firewalls to detect and block malicious requests targeting this vulnerability. Additionally, regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be conducted to identify similar flaws in other application components. The remediation process should include updating the affected application to a patched version, implementing proper access controls, and establishing secure coding guidelines that align with industry standards such as those outlined in the OWASP Top Ten and NIST Cybersecurity Framework. This vulnerability serves as a critical reminder of the importance of input validation and secure coding practices in preventing remote code execution attacks.