CVE-2010-2701 in FathFTP
Summary
by MITRE
Multiple buffer overflows in the FathFTP ActiveX control 1.7 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via (1) the GetFromURL member or (2) a long argument to the RasIsConnected method.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/09/2017
The CVE-2010-2701 vulnerability represents a critical security flaw in the FathFTP ActiveX control version 1.7, which exposes systems to remote code execution attacks through multiple buffer overflow conditions. This vulnerability specifically affects Windows systems that have the FathFTP ActiveX control installed, creating a significant attack surface for malicious actors who can leverage these flaws to compromise affected systems. The vulnerability is classified as a buffer overflow under CWE-121, which occurs when a program writes data beyond the bounds of a fixed-length buffer, potentially corrupting adjacent memory locations. The FathFTP ActiveX control operates within the Microsoft Windows environment and is designed to facilitate file transfer operations through internet protocols, making it a common component in various web applications and client-side software implementations.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability manifests through two distinct attack vectors that exploit different methods of input validation failure. The first vector involves the GetFromURL member function, where an attacker can craft a malicious URL that exceeds the allocated buffer size during processing, leading to memory corruption and potential code execution. The second vulnerability occurs within the RasIsConnected method when a long argument is passed to the function, causing similar buffer overflow conditions that can be exploited to execute arbitrary code on the target system. Both attack vectors demonstrate poor input validation and memory management practices that are characteristic of buffer overflow vulnerabilities. The underlying cause stems from insufficient bounds checking and inadequate parameter validation within the ActiveX control's implementation, allowing attackers to overwrite critical memory segments including return addresses and function pointers.
The operational impact of CVE-2010-2701 is severe and far-reaching, particularly in environments where ActiveX controls are enabled and trusted by users. Attackers can leverage these vulnerabilities to gain complete control over affected systems, potentially leading to data breaches, system compromise, and lateral movement within network infrastructures. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it can be exploited remotely without requiring user interaction, making it an attractive target for automated exploitation campaigns. Systems that rely on FathFTP for file transfer operations become particularly vulnerable, as the attack can occur during normal file transfer activities. The exploitation typically follows the ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for command and control operations, where attackers can execute malicious code through the compromised ActiveX control. Organizations using this control in enterprise environments face significant risk of unauthorized access and potential data exfiltration, especially when the control is integrated into web applications that are accessible from the internet.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2010-2701 should focus on immediate removal or disabling of the vulnerable FathFTP ActiveX control from affected systems. Organizations should implement strict browser security policies that disable ActiveX controls or configure them with restricted permissions to prevent unauthorized execution. The recommended approach includes updating the ActiveX control to a patched version if available, or completely removing it from systems where it is not essential for operations. Network administrators should monitor for exploitation attempts through intrusion detection systems and implement web application firewalls to filter malicious requests targeting the vulnerable methods. Additionally, security awareness training should be conducted to educate users about the risks of enabling ActiveX controls and the potential consequences of visiting untrusted websites. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of proper software development practices including input validation, bounds checking, and secure coding methodologies that align with industry standards such as those outlined in the OWASP Top Ten and NIST cybersecurity frameworks. Organizations should also consider implementing application whitelisting solutions to prevent execution of untrusted ActiveX controls and maintain regular vulnerability assessments to identify and remediate similar security flaws in other components of their software ecosystem.