CVE-2010-2974 in Wonderware Application Server
Summary
by MITRE
Stack-based buffer overflow in the IConfigurationAccess interface in the Invensys Wonderware Archestra ConfigurationAccessComponent ActiveX control in Wonderware Application Server (WAS) before 3.1 SP2 P01, as used in the Wonderware Archestra Integrated Development Environment (IDE) and the InFusion Integrated Engineering Environment (IEE), allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the first argument to the UnsubscribeData method.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/31/2024
The CVE-2010-2974 vulnerability represents a critical stack-based buffer overflow flaw within the Invensys Wonderware Archestra ConfigurationAccessComponent ActiveX control, specifically affecting the IConfigurationAccess interface. This vulnerability exists in Wonderware Application Server versions prior to 3.1 SP2 P01 and impacts both the Wonderware Archestra Integrated Development Environment and the InFusion Integrated Engineering Environment. The flaw manifests when processing the first argument to the UnsubscribeData method, creating a condition where attacker-controlled input can overflow the allocated stack buffer. This particular vulnerability falls under the CWE-121 stack-based buffer overflow category, which is classified as a common weakness in software development practices and represents one of the most prevalent and dangerous types of buffer overflow vulnerabilities.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability exploits the ActiveX control's insufficient input validation mechanisms within the UnsubscribeData method. When an attacker provides a specially crafted argument that exceeds the allocated buffer size, the overflow occurs on the stack, potentially overwriting adjacent memory locations including return addresses and function pointers. This type of vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it can be triggered remotely through web-based attacks, making it accessible to threat actors who may not have direct system access. The attack vector leverages the ActiveX control's exposure through web browsers, where the control can be instantiated and invoked through malicious web pages or documents, creating a pathway for arbitrary code execution.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, as it can enable full system compromise when exploited successfully. Attackers who successfully exploit this vulnerability can gain complete control over affected systems, potentially leading to data breaches, system infiltration, and lateral movement within network environments. The vulnerability affects industrial control systems and SCADA environments where Wonderware products are commonly deployed, making it particularly concerning for critical infrastructure sectors. The nature of industrial environments means that exploitation could result in operational technology disruptions, safety system compromises, and potential physical damage to industrial processes. Organizations using affected Wonderware versions face significant risk exposure, particularly those with web-accessible systems or those that have not implemented proper network segmentation.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2010-2974 should include immediate patching of affected Wonderware Application Server installations to version 3.1 SP2 P01 or later, as provided by Invensys. Network segmentation and access controls should be implemented to limit exposure of ActiveX controls to untrusted users, particularly by disabling ActiveX controls in web browsers or restricting their execution to trusted domains only. Organizations should also consider implementing application whitelisting policies to prevent execution of untrusted ActiveX components. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of proper input validation and bounds checking in software development, aligning with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for execution through ActiveX components. Additionally, security awareness training for developers regarding buffer overflow prevention and secure coding practices should be reinforced, as this vulnerability represents a classic example of inadequate security controls in industrial software development environments.