CVE-2010-3133 in Wireshark
Summary
by MITRE
Untrusted search path vulnerability in Wireshark 0.8.4 through 1.0.15 and 1.2.0 through 1.2.10 allows local users, and possibly remote attackers, to execute arbitrary code and conduct DLL hijacking attacks via a Trojan horse airpcap.dll, and possibly other DLLs, that is located in the same folder as a file that automatically launches Wireshark.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/21/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2010-3133 represents a critical untrusted search path issue affecting Wireshark versions ranging from 0.8.4 through 1.0.15 and 1.2.0 through 1.2.10. This flaw stems from the application's improper handling of dynamic link library (dll) loading mechanisms, creating a dangerous environment where malicious code can be executed through carefully crafted file placement. The vulnerability operates under the Common Weakness Enumeration classification of CWE-427, which specifically addresses uncontrolled search path dependencies that allow attackers to manipulate the execution flow of applications by placing malicious components in directories that are searched before legitimate system directories.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability exploits the Windows dynamic link library loading process where applications search for required dll files in a specific order that includes the current working directory before checking system directories. When a user opens a file that automatically launches Wireshark, the application's execution path includes the directory containing the file, allowing a malicious actor to place a specially crafted airpcap.dll or other malicious dll files in the same directory as the target file. This creates a scenario where Wireshark loads the attacker-controlled dll instead of the legitimate system dll, enabling arbitrary code execution. The attack vector can be either local or potentially remote depending on how the malicious file is delivered to the target system.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple privilege escalation, as it enables sophisticated attack chains that can lead to complete system compromise. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to execute malicious code with the privileges of the user running Wireshark, which could be a standard user or even a privileged account in certain network environments. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because Wireshark is commonly used in network analysis and security monitoring contexts, making it a prime target for attackers seeking to establish persistent access or conduct advanced persistent threat operations. This vulnerability aligns with the attack pattern described in the MITRE ATT&CK framework under the T1059.001 technique for command and scripting interpreter, as the malicious dll execution can be used to launch additional payloads or establish command and control channels.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2010-3133 require immediate patching of affected Wireshark versions to the latest stable releases that contain proper dll loading security measures. Organizations should implement strict file access controls and privilege separation for users who run network analysis tools, ensuring that the user accounts running Wireshark have minimal necessary privileges. System administrators should also consider implementing application whitelisting policies that restrict which dll files can be loaded by Wireshark, and regular security audits should verify that no malicious dll files exist in directories where Wireshark is commonly executed. Network segmentation and monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual dll loading patterns or execution of unauthorized code in network analysis environments. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper dll search path management and highlights why applications should always use absolute paths for dll loading or implement proper security controls to prevent untrusted code execution in sensitive network monitoring tools.