CVE-2010-4384 in RealPlayer
Summary
by MITRE
Array index error in RealNetworks RealPlayer 11.0 through 11.1, RealPlayer Enterprise 2.1.2, Mac RealPlayer 11.0 through 11.1, Linux RealPlayer 11.0.2.1744, and possibly HelixPlayer 1.0.6 and other versions, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a malformed Media Properties Header (aka MDPR) in a RealMedia file.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/06/2021
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2010-4384 represents a critical array index error affecting multiple versions of RealNetworks RealPlayer software across different operating systems. This flaw exists within the media processing component responsible for handling RealMedia file formats, specifically when parsing the Media Properties Header (MDPR) structure. The issue stems from insufficient bounds checking during the parsing of malformed media properties within realmedia container files, creating a condition where an attacker can manipulate the index values used to access array elements. Such vulnerabilities fall under the CWE-129 category of Improper Validation of Array Index, which directly relates to the lack of proper input validation mechanisms that should prevent out-of-bounds memory access. The attack vector is particularly concerning as it enables remote code execution through crafted malicious media files, making it a prime target for exploit development and cyber attacks.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the software's failure to validate the size and structure of the MDPR header within RealMedia files before attempting to access array elements. When a maliciously crafted file is processed, the parser reads the header data without proper validation of array bounds, leading to memory corruption that can be exploited to overwrite critical memory locations. This type of vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1203, which involves exploiting software vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code, and demonstrates how memory corruption flaws can be leveraged for privilege escalation and system compromise. The affected versions span across desktop and enterprise platforms including Windows, Mac, and Linux operating systems, indicating a widespread impact that extends beyond a single platform or environment.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, as it can potentially allow attackers to gain complete control over affected systems. Once successfully exploited, the remote code execution capability enables attackers to install malware, modify system configurations, or establish persistent access points within the compromised environment. The vulnerability's presence in enterprise versions of RealPlayer makes it particularly dangerous in corporate environments where media processing is common, as it could serve as an initial compromise vector for broader network infiltration. Organizations utilizing these software versions face significant risk of data breaches, system compromise, and potential lateral movement within their network infrastructure. The vulnerability's exploitation requires minimal user interaction beyond opening the malicious media file, making it particularly effective for social engineering campaigns and automated attack scenarios.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2010-4384 should focus on immediate software updates and patches provided by RealNetworks, as well as network-level protections to prevent the delivery of malicious media files. System administrators should implement strict file validation policies and consider disabling RealPlayer functionality in enterprise environments where it is not essential for business operations. Network security controls including intrusion detection systems and content filtering should be configured to block RealMedia file types when possible, while endpoint protection solutions should be updated to recognize and prevent exploitation attempts. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of proper input validation and bounds checking in media processing libraries, reinforcing industry standards for secure coding practices and emphasizing the need for regular security assessments of multimedia applications. Organizations should also consider implementing network segmentation and access controls to limit the potential impact of successful exploitation attempts.