CVE-2010-4740 in BACnet OPC Client
Summary
by MITRE
Stack-based buffer overflow in WTclient.dll in SCADA Engine BACnet OPC Client before 1.0.25 allows user-assisted remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted .csv file, related to a status log message.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/20/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2010-4740 represents a critical stack-based buffer overflow flaw within the WTclient.dll component of SCADA Engine BACnet OPC Client software. This vulnerability exists in versions prior to 1.0.25 and specifically affects industrial control systems that utilize BACnet protocol for building automation and control communications. The flaw manifests when the application processes a specially crafted .csv file containing malicious data that triggers an improper buffer handling mechanism during status log message processing. The buffer overflow occurs in the stack memory region of the WTclient.dll library, creating a potential execution path for malicious code injection.
The technical nature of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-121, which categorizes stack-based buffer overflow conditions where insufficient bounds checking allows attackers to overwrite adjacent stack memory locations. The attack vector requires user assistance, meaning an attacker must convince a victim to open or process the malicious .csv file, typically through social engineering or phishing techniques. This makes the vulnerability particularly dangerous in industrial environments where operational technology systems may be less protected against such social engineering attacks. The exploitation process involves crafting a .csv file with buffer overflow payload that, when processed by the vulnerable BACnet OPC client, causes the stack to overflow and potentially allows arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the affected application.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends significantly within industrial control system environments where SCADA systems are deployed. These systems typically manage critical infrastructure including power generation, water treatment, manufacturing processes, and building automation systems. A successful exploitation could enable attackers to gain unauthorized access to control systems, potentially leading to operational disruptions, safety hazards, or even physical damage to industrial equipment. The vulnerability affects the integrity and availability of critical building automation and control systems that rely on BACnet communications protocols, making it particularly concerning for facility managers and industrial security teams who must protect against sophisticated attacks targeting operational technology infrastructure.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2010-4740 primarily focus on immediate software updates and system hardening measures. Organizations should prioritize upgrading to SCADA Engine BACnet OPC Client version 1.0.25 or later, which contains the necessary patches to address the buffer overflow vulnerability. Additionally, implementing network segmentation and access controls can limit potential attack surfaces by restricting access to critical systems from untrusted networks. Input validation measures should be enforced to prevent processing of untrusted .csv files, and regular security assessments should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in industrial control system components. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of following ATT&CK framework principles for industrial control systems, particularly focusing on defense in depth strategies that include network monitoring, endpoint protection, and regular vulnerability assessments to maintain operational security posture. Organizations should also consider implementing automated patch management systems specifically designed for industrial environments to ensure timely remediation of known vulnerabilities.