CVE-2011-2747 in Picasa
Summary
by MITRE
Google Picasa before 3.6 Build 105.67 does not properly handle invalid properties in JPEG images, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted image file.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/12/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2011-2747 represents a critical buffer overflow condition within Google Picasa software version 3.6 Build 105.67 and earlier. This flaw stems from insufficient validation of image metadata properties during the processing of JPEG files, creating an exploitable condition that adversaries can leverage for remote code execution. The vulnerability specifically affects how Picasa handles malformed or invalid properties within JPEG image files, particularly when these properties contain oversized data structures or malformed data that exceed expected buffer boundaries. According to CWE-121, this vulnerability falls under the category of stack-based buffer overflow conditions, where attacker-controlled data is copied into a fixed-size buffer without adequate bounds checking. The flaw is particularly concerning because JPEG files are widely distributed across the internet through various platforms including websites, email attachments, and file sharing services, making the attack vector highly accessible to threat actors.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when Picasa attempts to parse and render JPEG images that contain specially crafted malicious properties within their metadata structures. When the software encounters invalid property data, it fails to properly validate the size or content of these properties before attempting to copy them into internal buffers. This improper handling creates a scenario where an attacker can craft a JPEG file containing oversized metadata fields that, when processed by Picasa, cause a buffer overflow condition. The overflow can overwrite adjacent memory locations including return addresses on the stack, allowing an attacker to redirect execution flow to malicious code. The vulnerability is classified under the ATT&CK technique T1203, which involves exploitation of software vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access and execute arbitrary code. This type of vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it requires no user interaction beyond opening the malicious image file, making it a prime candidate for drive-by download attacks or social engineering campaigns.
The operational impact of CVE-2011-2747 extends beyond simple remote code execution to encompass significant security implications for users who rely on Picasa for image management and viewing. Since Picasa was widely distributed and used across multiple operating systems, the vulnerability affected a large user base potentially exposing thousands of systems to remote compromise. The vulnerability's exploitation can lead to complete system compromise, allowing attackers to install additional malware, steal sensitive information, or establish persistent backdoors. Additionally, the fact that JPEG files are commonly shared through various digital channels means that the attack surface is extensive, potentially affecting users who simply browse websites or download images from untrusted sources. The vulnerability also demonstrates the broader security challenges associated with image processing libraries and the importance of robust input validation in multimedia applications. Organizations using Picasa for image management or viewing operations faced significant risk exposure, particularly in environments where users might encounter malicious content through legitimate business processes.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2011-2747 primarily involve immediate software updates and patches provided by Google to address the buffer overflow condition in Picasa versions prior to 3.6 Build 105.67. Users should ensure they upgrade to the latest available version of Picasa which includes proper bounds checking and validation of JPEG metadata properties. System administrators should implement network-level controls to prevent users from accessing potentially malicious image files through web proxies, email filters, and content inspection systems. The vulnerability highlights the importance of input sanitization and proper memory management in multimedia processing applications, making it essential for developers to follow secure coding practices such as those outlined in the OWASP Secure Coding Practices. Organizations should also consider implementing application whitelisting policies that restrict execution of untrusted image processing applications, particularly those with known vulnerabilities in their handling of external data. Security monitoring should include detection of suspicious image file processing activities and network traffic patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability serves as a reminder of the critical need for regular security updates and the importance of maintaining current software versions to protect against known exploits.