CVE-2012-1802 in Scalance X-300
Summary
by MITRE
Buffer overflow in the embedded web server on the Siemens Scalance X Industrial Ethernet switch X414-3E before 3.7.1, X308-2M before 3.7.2, X-300EEC before 3.7.2, XR-300 before 3.7.2, and X-300 before 3.7.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device reboot) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a malformed URL.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/01/2021
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2012-1802 represents a critical buffer overflow flaw within the embedded web server of Siemens Scalance X series industrial Ethernet switches. This issue affects multiple models including the X414-3E, X308-2M, X-300EEC, XR-300, and X-300 devices, with specific versions prior to 3.7.1 and 3.7.2 being impacted. The flaw resides in the web server component that handles HTTP requests, specifically when processing malformed URL parameters. This vulnerability falls under the CWE-121 buffer overflow category, which is classified as a critical weakness in software design that can lead to arbitrary code execution or system compromise.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability occurs when the embedded web server processes HTTP requests containing specially crafted URLs that exceed the allocated buffer space. The buffer overflow condition allows attackers to overwrite adjacent memory locations, potentially corrupting program execution flow and enabling unauthorized code execution. According to ATT&CK framework, this vulnerability maps to T1210 - Exploitation for Execution, as it enables remote code execution capabilities. The flaw can be exploited through network-based attacks without requiring authentication, making it particularly dangerous in industrial environments where these switches operate as critical infrastructure components.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple denial of service conditions, as it can result in complete device compromise and potential system-wide disruptions. When exploited, the buffer overflow can cause device reboots, leading to service interruptions in industrial control systems, or in more severe cases, allow attackers to execute arbitrary code on the affected devices. This creates significant risks for industrial environments where these switches manage critical network operations and communication protocols. The vulnerability affects the availability and integrity of industrial network infrastructure, potentially enabling attackers to gain persistent access to industrial control systems.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigation strategies including firmware updates to versions 3.7.1 or 3.7.2, which contain patches addressing the buffer overflow condition. Network segmentation and access controls should be enforced to limit exposure of these devices to untrusted networks. Additionally, implementing intrusion detection systems and monitoring for unusual HTTP traffic patterns can help identify potential exploitation attempts. The vulnerability highlights the importance of maintaining up-to-date industrial control system firmware and following security best practices for embedded network devices in critical infrastructure environments.