CVE-2012-4170 in Photoshop
Summary
by MITRE
Buffer overflow in Adobe Photoshop CS6 13.x before 13.0.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted file.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/02/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2012-4170 represents a critical buffer overflow flaw within Adobe Photoshop CS6 version 13.x prior to 13.0.1. This security weakness resides in the application's handling of specially crafted files that trigger memory corruption during file processing operations. The buffer overflow occurs when the software fails to properly validate input data length before copying it into fixed-size memory buffers, creating opportunities for malicious actors to overwrite adjacent memory locations with malicious code payloads. This vulnerability falls under the CWE-121 category of stack-based buffer overflow, where insufficient bounds checking allows attackers to manipulate program execution flow through memory corruption techniques.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, as it enables remote attackers to gain unauthorized control over affected systems. When a user opens a maliciously crafted file, the buffer overflow allows attackers to inject and execute arbitrary code within the context of the Photoshop application process. This presents significant risk to enterprise environments where users may inadvertently open compromised files through email attachments, web downloads, or file sharing platforms. The vulnerability specifically affects the file parsing functionality of Photoshop CS6, making it particularly dangerous in environments where graphic design professionals frequently exchange complex image files. Attackers can exploit this weakness to install backdoors, escalate privileges, or establish persistent access to compromised systems.
Security professionals should consider this vulnerability in the context of the MITRE ATT&CK framework, particularly under the T1059.007 technique for command and script interpreter execution, as the successful exploitation would enable attackers to execute arbitrary commands on target systems. The vulnerability also aligns with T1190 network boundary bridging tactics, as remote exploitation allows attackers to bypass local network security controls. Organizations should implement multiple layers of defense including immediate patch management to update Photoshop to version 13.0.1 or later, network segmentation to limit file sharing between trusted and untrusted zones, and user education to avoid opening suspicious files. Additionally, application whitelisting solutions can help prevent execution of unauthorized code, while intrusion detection systems should monitor for unusual file processing activities that might indicate exploitation attempts. The remediation process requires careful testing of patches in controlled environments before widespread deployment to ensure compatibility with existing workflows and prevent service disruptions.