CVE-2012-4702 in Image Server Maxx
Summary
by MITRE
360 Systems Maxx, Image Server Maxx, and Image Server 2000 have a hardcoded password for the root account, which makes it easier for remote attackers to execute arbitrary code, or modify video content or scheduling, via an SSH session.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/08/2018
The vulnerability described in CVE-2012-4702 represents a critical security flaw affecting several video management and streaming systems manufactured by 360 Systems. These devices include the Maxx series and Image Server 2000 models that are commonly deployed in security and broadcast environments. The flaw stems from a fundamental design weakness where the system administrators failed to implement proper authentication mechanisms for the root administrative account. This hardcoded credential presents a severe risk to the integrity and confidentiality of video content and system operations.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the presence of a predetermined, unchangeable password embedded within the firmware or software configuration of these devices. When attackers discover this hardcoded credential through various means such as public documentation, reverse engineering, or security research, they can establish an authenticated SSH session with root privileges. This privileged access enables them to execute arbitrary code on the device, modify system files, alter video content, change scheduling configurations, and potentially compromise the entire security posture of the surveillance or broadcast infrastructure. The vulnerability directly maps to CWE-798, which specifically addresses the use of hard-coded passwords or credentials in software systems.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends far beyond simple unauthorized access, as it fundamentally undermines the security model of these video management systems. Attackers can leverage this weakness to perform persistent surveillance, modify critical scheduling information, inject malicious video content, or even use the compromised device as a pivot point for attacking other systems within the same network. The ability to execute arbitrary code on the device means that attackers can install backdoors, modify system behavior, or completely compromise the device's functionality. This vulnerability particularly affects environments where these systems are deployed in security applications, broadcast scenarios, or any setting where the integrity of video content is paramount. The attack surface is further expanded due to the widespread deployment of these systems in critical infrastructure environments.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability require immediate action from system administrators and security teams. The most effective approach involves changing the default credentials to strong, unique passwords and implementing proper access control mechanisms. Organizations should conduct comprehensive inventory audits to identify all affected devices and ensure that no hardcoded credentials remain in the system. Network segmentation and access control measures should be implemented to limit exposure of these devices to unauthorized users. Additionally, regular security assessments and firmware updates should be performed to address similar vulnerabilities in the future. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1078 which covers valid accounts and T1059 which covers command and scripting interpreter, demonstrating how hardcoded credentials enable attackers to establish persistent access and execute malicious commands within the system. The incident highlights the importance of following secure coding practices and implementing proper credential management protocols throughout the device lifecycle.