CVE-2012-5002 in DL-10
Summary
by MITRE
Stack-based buffer overflow in SR10 FTP server (SR10.exe) 1.1.0.6 in Ricoh DC Software DL-10 4.5.0.1, when the Log file name option is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long USER FTP command.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/27/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2012-5002 represents a critical stack-based buffer overflow flaw within the SR10 FTP server component of Ricoh DC Software DL-10 version 4.5.0.1. This vulnerability specifically affects the SR10.exe executable version 1.1.0.6 and manifests when the log file name option is enabled, creating a dangerous condition that can be exploited by remote attackers to gain arbitrary code execution privileges. The flaw resides in how the FTP server processes the USER command parameter, which is a fundamental authentication command in the File Transfer Protocol. When an attacker sends a specially crafted USER command containing an excessively long string, the server fails to properly validate the input length before copying it to a fixed-size stack buffer, leading to memory corruption that can be leveraged for malicious purposes.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-121, which describes stack-based buffer overflow conditions where insufficient bounds checking allows attackers to overwrite adjacent stack memory locations. The attack vector requires remote access through the standard FTP protocol interface, making it particularly dangerous as it can be exploited from anywhere on the network without requiring physical access to the device. The buffer overflow occurs during the processing of user authentication requests, where the server allocates a fixed-size buffer on the stack to store the username parameter provided by the USER command. When the length of the input exceeds the allocated buffer space, the excess data overflows into adjacent memory locations including return addresses and other critical control data, potentially allowing an attacker to redirect program execution flow to malicious code injected into the buffer.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, as it provides attackers with complete system compromise capabilities through the ATT&CK framework's execution techniques. Successful exploitation could enable attackers to install backdoors, modify system files, establish persistent access, or even escalate privileges to system-level control. The vulnerability affects the specific Ricoh DC Software DL-10 suite, which is commonly used in office environments for document management and scanning operations, making it an attractive target for both cybercriminals seeking unauthorized access to corporate networks and nation-state actors conducting reconnaissance activities. Organizations using this software are particularly vulnerable since the flaw exists in the core FTP server functionality, meaning that any network service utilizing the SR10 component could be compromised. The remote nature of the attack means that traditional network segmentation and perimeter security measures may not prevent exploitation, as attackers can initiate the attack from external network locations without requiring insider knowledge of the internal network structure.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2012-5002 should include immediate software patching from Ricoh to address the buffer overflow condition in the SR10.exe component. Organizations should disable the log file name option if not strictly required, as this setting is necessary for the vulnerability to manifest. Network segmentation and access control measures should be implemented to limit FTP service exposure, particularly when the service is running on network segments that are not properly secured. The implementation of intrusion detection systems capable of identifying abnormal USER command patterns and excessive string lengths can provide early warning of attempted exploitation. Additionally, regular security audits should verify that no legacy systems are running vulnerable versions of the software, and network monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual FTP traffic patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of proper input validation and bounds checking in network services, aligning with industry best practices outlined in the OWASP Top Ten and NIST cybersecurity guidelines for secure coding practices. Organizations should also consider implementing network access controls that restrict FTP service access to trusted IP ranges and require strong authentication mechanisms to reduce the attack surface for such vulnerabilities.