CVE-2015-3704 in Mac OS X
Summary
by MITRE
runner in Install.framework in the Install Framework Legacy subsystem in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 does not properly drop privileges, which allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context via a crafted app.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/01/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2015-3704 resides within the Install Framework Legacy subsystem of Apple macOS operating systems, specifically affecting versions prior to 10.10.4. This issue manifests in the runner component of Install.framework, which is responsible for executing installation processes and managing system-level operations. The flaw represents a critical privilege escalation vulnerability that undermines the security model of the operating system by failing to properly enforce privilege separation during critical installation processes.
The technical root cause of this vulnerability stems from improper privilege dropping mechanisms within the runner component of the Install Framework. When an attacker crafts a malicious application and executes it through the installation framework, the system fails to adequately downgrade privileges from the privileged context to a restricted user context. This failure allows malicious code to maintain elevated privileges throughout its execution, effectively creating a backdoor for arbitrary code execution within the system's most privileged environment. The vulnerability operates at the kernel level and leverages the trust model inherent in legitimate installation processes, making detection particularly challenging.
The operational impact of CVE-2015-3704 extends far beyond simple code execution, as it enables attackers to perform system-level modifications that would normally be restricted to authorized administrators. This includes the ability to install malicious software, modify system files, manipulate user accounts, and potentially establish persistent access to the compromised system. The vulnerability's exploitation requires only that an attacker convince a user to execute a crafted application, making it particularly dangerous in social engineering scenarios where users might unknowingly trigger the malicious installation process. The privilege escalation aspect means that even if a user operates with standard privileges, the vulnerability allows for complete system compromise.
From a cybersecurity perspective, this vulnerability aligns with CWE-276, which addresses improper privilege management and inadequate privilege separation in software systems. The issue also maps to several ATT&CK techniques including privilege escalation through malicious installation packages, persistence mechanisms, and execution through legitimate system tools. Organizations affected by this vulnerability should immediately implement the security patch provided by Apple for macOS 10.10.4 and subsequent releases. Additional mitigations include restricting user execution privileges, implementing application whitelisting policies, and monitoring for unusual installation activities. System administrators should also conduct thorough security assessments to identify any potential exploitation attempts and ensure that all systems are updated to prevent attackers from leveraging this privilege escalation vector. The vulnerability serves as a critical reminder of the importance of proper privilege management in system-level software components and the potential catastrophic consequences when such protections fail.