CVE-2015-4527 in Avamar Server
Summary
by MITRE
Directory traversal vulnerability in EMC Avamar Server 7.x before 7.1.2 and Avamar Virtual Addition (AVE) 7.x before 7.1.2 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files by using the Avamar Desktop/Laptop client interface to send crafted parameters.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/03/2022
The CVE-2015-4527 vulnerability represents a critical directory traversal flaw affecting EMC Avamar Server 7.x versions prior to 7.1.2 and Avamar Virtual Addition 7.x versions before 7.1.2. This vulnerability resides within the Avamar Desktop/Laptop client interface, creating a pathway for remote attackers to exploit the system through crafted parameter manipulation. The flaw stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization mechanisms that fail to properly restrict file path access, allowing malicious actors to navigate beyond intended directories and access sensitive system files. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-22, which specifically addresses improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory, commonly known as path traversal or directory traversal attacks. This weakness enables attackers to bypass normal access controls and retrieve unauthorized data from the affected system.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through the Avamar Desktop/Laptop client interface where attackers can craft specific parameters that manipulate file path resolution. When the system processes these crafted inputs without proper validation, it fails to sanitize the user-supplied data before using it in file system operations. This allows attackers to append directory traversal sequences such as '../' or similar patterns to access files outside the intended directory structure. The attack vector is particularly concerning because it operates over remote network connections, eliminating the need for local system access or physical presence. The vulnerability's impact extends beyond simple file reading capabilities, potentially enabling attackers to access configuration files, log files, and other sensitive data that could reveal system architecture, credentials, or other critical information. According to the ATT&CK framework, this vulnerability maps to T1083 (File and Directory Discovery) and T1105 (Remote File Copy), as attackers can both enumerate system files and exfiltrate data through this flaw.
The operational impact of CVE-2015-4527 is substantial for organizations relying on EMC Avamar backup solutions, as it creates potential for data leakage and system compromise. Attackers exploiting this vulnerability could access sensitive backup data, system configuration files, and potentially gain insights into network architecture and security controls. The vulnerability affects the integrity and confidentiality of backup operations, which are fundamental to data protection strategies. Organizations using affected versions face risks of unauthorized data access, potential regulatory compliance violations, and possible system compromise if attackers can leverage additional vulnerabilities discovered through this initial access. The remote nature of the attack means that threat actors can exploit this vulnerability from anywhere on the internet without requiring direct network access to the target system. This makes the vulnerability particularly dangerous as it can be exploited by adversaries who may not have any prior access to the network or system infrastructure.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2015-4527 focus primarily on patch management and input validation improvements. Organizations should immediately upgrade to EMC Avamar Server 7.1.2 and Avamar Virtual Addition 7.1.2 versions that contain the necessary security fixes. Network segmentation and access controls should be implemented to limit exposure of the Avamar services to untrusted networks. Input validation should be strengthened at all entry points, particularly within the client interface components that handle file path parameters. Regular security audits and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other system components. Additionally, implementing network monitoring solutions can help detect suspicious parameter patterns that may indicate attempted exploitation of directory traversal vulnerabilities. The remediation process should include comprehensive testing to ensure that the patch does not introduce compatibility issues with existing backup operations, while also verifying that proper access controls are maintained for legitimate administrative functions. Organizations should also consider implementing additional security controls such as web application firewalls and intrusion detection systems to provide defense-in-depth against similar attack vectors.