CVE-2015-5989 in F9K1102
Summary
by MITRE
Belkin F9K1102 2 devices with firmware 2.10.17 rely on client-side JavaScript code for authorization, which allows remote attackers to obtain administrative privileges via certain changes to LockStatus and Login_Success values.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/08/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2015-5989 affects Belkin F9K1102 wireless routers and similar devices running firmware version 2.10.17. This represents a critical authorization flaw that stems from improper security implementation at the client-side of the device's web interface. The vulnerability arises from the device's reliance on client-side JavaScript code to manage authentication and authorization states, creating a fundamental security weakness that bypasses proper server-side validation mechanisms.
The technical flaw manifests through the manipulation of specific JavaScript variables within the device's web interface. Attackers can remotely alter the LockStatus and Login_Success values, which are typically managed client-side to control access permissions. This client-side manipulation allows unauthorized users to assume administrative privileges without proper authentication, effectively circumventing the device's security controls. The vulnerability directly relates to CWE-602 Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security, where security checks are performed on the client side rather than the server side, making them easily exploitable.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe as it provides remote attackers with complete administrative control over affected devices. Once exploited, attackers can modify network settings, change passwords, install malicious firmware, and potentially use the compromised device as a pivot point for further attacks within the network. The vulnerability affects not only the device's own security but also poses risks to the broader network infrastructure, as routers often serve as critical network gateways. This aligns with ATT&CK technique T1068, which covers 'Exploitation for Privilege Escalation' and T1071.004, covering 'Application Layer Protocol: DNS' in the context of establishing command and control communications.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should focus on both immediate remediation and long-term security improvements. Device owners should immediately upgrade to firmware versions that address this vulnerability, as Belkin has released updated firmware to resolve the issue. Organizations should implement network segmentation to limit the potential impact of compromised devices and establish monitoring for unauthorized configuration changes. The vulnerability highlights the importance of server-side validation and proper authentication mechanisms, which aligns with security best practices outlined in NIST SP 800-53 and ISO 27001 controls. Additionally, network administrators should consider implementing web application firewalls to detect and prevent manipulation of authentication-related parameters, and establish regular security audits to identify similar client-side security flaws in network infrastructure devices.