CVE-2015-8366 in LibRaw
Summary
by MITRE
Array index error in smal_decode_segment function in LibRaw before 0.17.1 allows context-dependent attackers to cause memory errors and possibly execute arbitrary code via vectors related to indexes.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/09/2026
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2015-8366 represents a critical array index error within the smal_decode_segment function of LibRaw library versions prior to 0171. This flaw exists in the handling of image data processing where the library fails to properly validate array indices during segment decoding operations. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-129 as an insufficient input validation, specifically manifesting as an improper index validation that can lead to out-of-bounds memory access patterns. The affected LibRaw library serves as a crucial component in digital image processing, particularly for RAW image format handling across various applications and operating systems.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate boundary checking within the smal_decode_segment function which processes segmented image data structures. When processing malformed or specially crafted image files, the function fails to validate index values against array bounds, allowing attackers to manipulate memory access patterns through carefully constructed input vectors. This memory error condition can result in buffer overflows, memory corruption, or potentially arbitrary code execution depending on the specific memory layout and exploitation circumstances. The vulnerability is context-dependent meaning that successful exploitation requires specific conditions related to the input data format and processing environment.
The operational impact of CVE-2015-8366 extends across multiple security domains as LibRaw is widely integrated into image processing applications, digital photography software, and multimedia frameworks. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability through malicious image files that trigger the flawed index validation during image decoding processes. The potential for remote code execution makes this vulnerability particularly dangerous in web-based environments where users may unknowingly process malicious image content. The exploitability is enhanced by the fact that many applications using LibRaw automatically process user-supplied images without additional input sanitization, creating multiple attack vectors for threat actors. This vulnerability directly maps to ATT&CK technique T1203 as it involves exploitation of software vulnerabilities for code execution.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2015-8366 primarily focus on immediate software updates to LibRaw version 0.17.1 or later where the index validation has been properly implemented. System administrators should prioritize patching affected applications that utilize vulnerable LibRaw versions, particularly those handling untrusted image data. Additional defensive measures include implementing strict input validation at application layers, deploying sandboxing techniques for image processing operations, and establishing network-based filtering to prevent malicious image files from reaching vulnerable systems. Organizations should also consider monitoring for suspicious image processing activities and implementing automated vulnerability scanning to identify systems running outdated LibRaw versions. The remediation process should include comprehensive testing of patched applications to ensure that the security fix does not introduce compatibility issues with legitimate image processing workflows while maintaining robust protection against similar index validation vulnerabilities.