CVE-2015-9148 in Android
Summary
by MITRE
In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Automobile and Snapdragon Mobile MDM9625, MDM9635M, MDM9640, MDM9645, MDM9650, MDM9655, SD 400, SD 425, SD 430, SD 450, SD 600, SD 617, SD 625, SD 650/52, SD 800, SD 808, SD 810, SD 820, SD 820A, SD 835, SD 845, SD 850, and SDX20, in the Diag User-PD command registration function, a length variable used during buffer allocation is not checked, so if it is very large, an integer overflow followed by a buffer overflow occurs.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/26/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2015-9148 represents a critical buffer overflow issue affecting Qualcomm Snapdragon automotive and mobile platforms prior to the 2018-04-05 security patch. This flaw exists within the Diag User-PD command registration function, which is part of the diagnostic interface subsystem that enables communication between the device and external diagnostic tools. The vulnerability stems from improper validation of length parameters during buffer allocation processes, creating a scenario where maliciously crafted input can trigger unpredictable behavior in the system's memory management.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability involves an integer overflow condition that occurs when a large length variable is processed during buffer allocation. When the length parameter exceeds the maximum value that can be represented by the integer type used in the allocation function, it wraps around to a small positive value or zero, resulting in insufficient buffer allocation. Subsequent operations attempt to write data beyond the allocated buffer boundaries, causing a classic buffer overflow condition that can be leveraged for arbitrary code execution. This flaw falls under the CWE-121 buffer overflow category and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for command and scripting interpreter execution.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple memory corruption, as it provides potential attackers with a pathway to execute malicious code with the privileges of the diagnostic interface process. In automotive environments, this could enable attackers to compromise vehicle systems that rely on Snapdragon processors, potentially affecting critical functions such as infotainment systems, telematics, or even safety-critical components. The vulnerability affects a wide range of Snapdragon platforms including automotive MDM series and mobile SD series processors, making it particularly concerning given the widespread adoption of these chipsets in both automotive and mobile devices. Attackers could exploit this vulnerability through malicious diagnostic commands sent via USB, Bluetooth, or other communication interfaces that support the Diag protocol, potentially enabling remote code execution without requiring physical access to the device.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability require immediate deployment of the security patches released by Qualcomm and device manufacturers, as well as implementation of network segmentation and access control measures to limit exposure to diagnostic interfaces. Organizations should disable diagnostic interfaces when not in use, implement firmware integrity checks, and monitor for unusual diagnostic activity that could indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of proper input validation and integer overflow protection in embedded systems, particularly in automotive environments where security is paramount. System administrators should also consider implementing runtime protection mechanisms and regular security assessments to identify similar vulnerabilities in other components of the vehicle's electronic architecture. The flaw serves as a reminder of the critical need for robust memory safety practices in automotive software systems, particularly in light of increasing connectivity and the growing attack surface presented by modern vehicle infotainment and telematics systems.