CVE-2016-0094 in Windows
Summary
by MITRE
The kernel-mode driver in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, and Windows 10 Gold and 1511 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-0093, CVE-2016-0095, and CVE-2016-0096.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/23/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2016-0094 represents a critical privilege escalation flaw within the Windows kernel-mode driver subsystem, specifically affecting multiple versions of the microsoft windows operating system. This vulnerability resides in the win32k.sys driver which manages user interface components and graphics rendering functions, making it a prime target for exploitation due to its privileged execution context and broad system integration. The flaw allows local attackers with standard user privileges to execute malicious code that elevates their access level to system-level privileges, fundamentally compromising the operating system's security model. The vulnerability is categorized under cwe-264 permissions, privileges, and access controls, specifically manifesting as an elevation of privilege through kernel-mode exploitation.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from improper validation of user-mode input within the win32k.sys driver's handling of graphics-related system calls. Attackers can craft malicious applications that exploit memory corruption issues in the driver's processing of specific graphical operations, particularly those involving window management and user interface rendering. The flaw typically manifests through use-after-free conditions or buffer overflow scenarios where malicious input triggers improper memory handling within kernel space. This type of exploitation falls under the attack technique described in the attack pattern taxonomy as privilege escalation through kernel exploits, specifically targeting the windows kernel mode driver model. The vulnerability's exploitation requires local system access and leverages the inherent trust model where user-mode applications can indirectly influence kernel-mode operations through legitimate system interfaces.
The operational impact of CVE-2016-0094 extends beyond simple privilege escalation, as successful exploitation provides attackers with complete system control and access to all user data, system resources, and network capabilities. Once elevated to kernel-level privileges, malicious actors can bypass all standard security controls, install rootkits, modify system files, and establish persistent backdoors. The vulnerability affects enterprise environments significantly since it can be exploited by malicious insiders or through initial compromise vectors that gain user-level access, such as phishing attacks or drive-by downloads. Organizations running affected windows versions face substantial risk of data breaches, system compromise, and potential lateral movement within networks, as the elevated privileges enable attackers to access other systems and resources without additional authentication. This vulnerability directly impacts the integrity and confidentiality of information systems, representing a critical weakness in the windows security architecture.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2016-0094 require immediate patch deployment through microsoft's security updates, as the vulnerability has been addressed through official microsoft security bulletins and windows updates. Organizations should implement comprehensive patch management processes to ensure all affected systems receive the necessary security fixes promptly. Additional protective measures include disabling unnecessary user privileges, implementing application whitelisting policies, and monitoring for suspicious system behavior that may indicate exploitation attempts. Network segmentation and privileged access controls can help limit the potential impact if exploitation occurs. Security professionals should also consider deploying endpoint detection and response solutions to identify and block exploitation attempts. The vulnerability's classification as a kernel-mode privilege escalation issue aligns with common threat actor methodologies and should be prioritized in vulnerability management programs alongside other critical security flaws. Organizations must maintain updated threat intelligence feeds to monitor for exploitation attempts and ensure their defensive measures remain effective against evolving attack techniques targeting similar kernel vulnerabilities.