CVE-2016-10251 in Oracle
Summary
by MITRE
Integer overflow in the jpc_pi_nextcprl function in jpc_t2cod.c in JasPer before 1.900.20 allows remote attackers to have unspecified impact via a crafted file, which triggers use of an uninitialized value.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/08/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2016-10251 represents a critical integer overflow flaw within the JasPer image processing library, specifically affecting versions prior to 1.900.20. This issue resides in the jpc_pi_nextcprl function located in the jpc_t2cod.c source file, demonstrating a classic software security weakness that can be exploited remotely through maliciously crafted image files. The vulnerability classifies under CWE-190 as an integer overflow condition, where the application fails to properly validate integer values during processing operations, creating potential pathways for arbitrary code execution or system compromise.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when a remote attacker submits a specially crafted image file that triggers the integer overflow within the jpc_pi_nextcprl function. This flaw results in the use of uninitialized memory values during the processing pipeline, creating unpredictable behavior that can be leveraged to manipulate program execution flow. The integer overflow condition specifically manifests when the application attempts to calculate memory allocation or buffer sizes based on corrupted or improperly validated input data from the malicious file. This vulnerability operates at the intersection of software reliability and security, where normal program execution becomes compromised due to improper integer handling and memory management practices.
The operational impact of CVE-2016-10251 extends beyond simple denial of service scenarios, as it can potentially enable remote code execution or privilege escalation depending on the target system configuration. Systems utilizing JasPer for image processing, including web servers, image handling applications, and multimedia processing platforms, become vulnerable to exploitation when processing untrusted image content. The unspecified impact mentioned in the vulnerability description reflects the broad range of potential consequences that can arise from uninitialized memory usage, including data corruption, system crashes, or more severe exploitation vectors. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability through various attack vectors defined in the MITRE ATT&CK framework under the T1203 - Exploitation for Client Execution and T1059 - Command and Scripting Interpreter categories, as the flaw enables arbitrary code execution through image file processing.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability require immediate patching of JasPer library installations to versions 1.900.20 or later, which contain the necessary fixes for the integer overflow condition. Organizations should implement comprehensive input validation mechanisms that verify image file integrity and size constraints before processing, particularly when handling untrusted content from external sources. Network segmentation and access controls should be implemented to limit exposure of systems running vulnerable JasPer versions, while also deploying intrusion detection systems that monitor for suspicious file processing activities. Security teams should conduct thorough vulnerability assessments to identify all systems utilizing vulnerable JasPer versions and establish monitoring procedures for detecting potential exploitation attempts. The remediation process must also include regular security updates and patch management procedures to prevent similar vulnerabilities from emerging in other components of the software stack, following best practices outlined in NIST SP 800-40 and ISO/IEC 27001 security frameworks.