CVE-2016-10616 in openframe-image
Summary
by MITRE
openframe-image is an Openframe extension which adds support for images via fbi. openframe-image downloads data resources over HTTP, which leaves it vulnerable to MITM attacks.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/11/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2016-10616 affects openframe-image, an extension component within the Openframe framework designed to facilitate image display through the fbi utility. This extension operates as part of a broader ecosystem that enables digital art installations and display systems, particularly in gallery and museum environments where secure and reliable content delivery is paramount. The primary security flaw lies in the extension's implementation of unencrypted HTTP communication for downloading data resources, creating a significant attack surface that can be exploited by malicious actors positioned within the network infrastructure.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from the absence of transport layer security during resource retrieval operations. When openframe-image attempts to download image files or associated metadata, it utilizes standard HTTP protocols without encryption or authentication mechanisms. This design choice exposes the system to man-in-the-middle attacks where attackers can intercept, modify, or redirect network traffic between the Openframe device and remote servers. The vulnerability specifically relates to CWE-319, which addresses the exposure of sensitive information through improper use of network protocols, and represents a classic example of insecure communication practices that undermine the integrity and confidentiality of data transfers.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data interception, as it can enable attackers to compromise the entire digital display system. An attacker positioned within the network can replace legitimate images with malicious content, potentially displaying inappropriate material or executing code injection attacks. The implications are particularly severe in institutional settings such as art galleries, museums, or public installations where Openframe systems are deployed, as these environments often handle sensitive cultural content or proprietary artistic works. Additionally, the vulnerability can facilitate broader network reconnaissance activities where attackers use the compromised system as a foothold for further lateral movement within the organization's infrastructure.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should focus on implementing secure communication protocols throughout the Openframe ecosystem. The most critical remediation involves transitioning from HTTP to HTTPS for all resource downloads, ensuring that data integrity and confidentiality are maintained during transmission. Network administrators should also consider implementing additional security controls such as certificate pinning, content delivery network validation, and regular security auditing of all extension components. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1071.004 for application layer protocol, specifically highlighting the importance of securing communication channels. Organizations should also establish secure software update mechanisms to ensure that all Openframe components receive security patches promptly. Implementation of network segmentation and monitoring solutions can further reduce the attack surface while providing visibility into potential exploitation attempts. The vulnerability serves as a reminder of the critical importance of secure coding practices and the necessity of implementing defense-in-depth strategies for IoT and embedded systems that handle sensitive content.