CVE-2016-10751 in OSClass
Summary
by MITRE
osClass 3.6.1 allows oc-admin/plugins.php Directory Traversal via the plugin parameter. This is exploitable for remote PHP code execution because an administrator can upload an image that contains PHP code in the EXIF data via index.php?page=ajax&action=ajax_upload.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/24/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2016-10751 affects osClass version 3.6.1 and represents a critical directory traversal flaw in the administrative plugin management component. This vulnerability exists within the oc-admin/plugins.php file where the plugin parameter is not properly sanitized, allowing attackers to manipulate file paths through crafted input. The flaw enables unauthorized access to arbitrary files on the server through directory traversal techniques, potentially exposing sensitive system information and application components. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it can be exploited remotely without authentication, making it accessible to any attacker who can interact with the web application.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from improper input validation and sanitization within the plugin parameter handling mechanism. When an administrator uploads files through the index.php?page=ajax&action=ajax_upload endpoint, the system fails to adequately validate the file paths or sanitize user-supplied data. This allows attackers to manipulate the plugin parameter to traverse directories and access files outside the intended upload directories. The EXIF data injection capability provides an additional attack vector where PHP code can be embedded within image metadata, creating a stealthy method for code execution. This aligns with CWE-22 Directory Traversal vulnerability classification and represents a direct exploitation of improper input validation patterns.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information disclosure to include full remote code execution capabilities. Attackers can leverage this flaw to upload malicious files containing PHP code that executes with the privileges of the web server. The vulnerability chain begins with image upload through the AJAX endpoint and culminates in directory traversal that allows code execution, creating a complete attack path from initial compromise to system control. This represents a significant threat to web application security and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for Command and Scripting Interpreter, specifically PHP. The vulnerability can be exploited to establish persistent backdoors, exfiltrate sensitive data, or escalate privileges within the application environment.
Mitigation strategies should focus on implementing comprehensive input validation and sanitization across all user-supplied parameters. The system must enforce strict path validation to prevent directory traversal attempts and ensure that all file uploads are properly sanitized before processing. Security measures should include implementing proper access controls for administrative functions, validating file types and content through multiple verification layers, and restricting file upload capabilities to authenticated users with appropriate privileges. Organizations should also implement web application firewalls to detect and block suspicious traversal patterns, while regular security audits and penetration testing can help identify similar vulnerabilities in the codebase. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of following secure coding practices and implementing defense-in-depth strategies to protect against common exploitation techniques.