CVE-2016-1213 in Garoon
Summary
by MITRE
The "Scheduler" function in Cybozu Garoon before 4.2.2 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary websites.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/18/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2016-1213 resides within the Scheduler functionality of Cybozu Garoon software versions prior to 4.2.2, representing a critical web application security flaw that enables remote attackers to manipulate user navigation through malicious redirects. This issue specifically affects the way the application handles URL redirection parameters within its scheduling components, creating an avenue for attackers to exploit the system's trust in internal validation mechanisms.
The technical flaw manifests through improper input validation and sanitization of redirect URLs within the Scheduler module, allowing attackers to inject malicious URLs that will be processed and executed by user browsers without adequate security checks. The vulnerability stems from the application's failure to properly validate redirect destinations against a trusted domain whitelist or to ensure that redirection parameters originate from legitimate sources within the application's trusted environment. This weakness enables attackers to craft malicious links that, when clicked by unsuspecting users, will redirect them to phishing sites, malicious domains, or other attacker-controlled resources.
From an operational impact perspective, this vulnerability creates significant security risks for organizations using affected versions of Cybozu Garoon, as it can facilitate various attack vectors including credential harvesting, malware distribution, and social engineering campaigns. The attack surface is particularly concerning because it leverages the trust users place in legitimate scheduling applications, making successful exploitation more likely due to reduced user suspicion. Organizations may experience unauthorized access to sensitive information, potential data breaches, and reputational damage when attackers successfully redirect users through this vulnerability.
The vulnerability aligns with CWE-601 and CWE-79, representing URL redirection flaws and cross-site scripting vulnerabilities respectively, while also mapping to ATT&CK techniques such as T1566 for phishing and T1071 for application layer protocol usage. Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including updating to Cybozu Garoon version 4.2.2 or later, implementing strict URL validation controls, and establishing network-level restrictions to prevent access to known malicious domains. Additional protective measures include user education regarding suspicious link behavior, network monitoring for unusual redirect patterns, and implementing web application firewalls to detect and block malicious redirection attempts. The remediation process should also include comprehensive security testing of all web application components to identify similar validation flaws that may exist within the broader application architecture.