CVE-2016-4511 in PCM600
Summary
by MITRE
ABB PCM600 before 2.7 uses an improper hash algorithm for the main application password, which makes it easier for local users to obtain sensitive cleartext information by leveraging read access to the ACTConfig configuration file.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/14/2019
The CVE-2016-4511 vulnerability affects ABB PCM600 devices running firmware versions prior to 2.7, presenting a significant security weakness in the authentication mechanism. This flaw resides in the password hashing implementation used for the main application password, which employs an inadequate cryptographic algorithm that fails to provide sufficient protection against unauthorized access attempts. The vulnerability specifically targets the ACTConfig configuration file, which contains sensitive authentication data that should remain protected from unauthorized access.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from the use of a weak hash algorithm that does not adequately obscure the original password value. When local users gain read access to the ACTConfig file, they can extract the hashed password value and potentially reverse-engineer or brute-force the original cleartext password. This weakness directly violates security principles outlined in CWE-328, which addresses the use of weak hash algorithms, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1110.001 for credential access through brute force methods. The improper implementation of cryptographic functions creates an attack surface that allows adversaries with local access to escalate their privileges and gain unauthorized system control.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple password exposure, as it enables attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms and gain full administrative access to the ABB PCM600 device. Local users who can read the ACTConfig file can leverage this weakness to obtain sensitive information that may include not only the main application password but potentially other authentication credentials or system configuration details. This vulnerability is particularly concerning in industrial control environments where ABB PCM600 devices are commonly deployed, as it could enable attackers to manipulate critical system functions and potentially compromise entire industrial processes. The risk is amplified by the fact that many industrial environments have limited network segmentation, making local access more likely and the attack surface larger.
Organizations should immediately implement firmware updates to version 2.7 or later to address this vulnerability, as the manufacturer has provided a patched version that implements stronger cryptographic hashing algorithms. Additionally, system administrators should conduct comprehensive access controls reviews to ensure that only authorized personnel have read access to sensitive configuration files like ACTConfig. The mitigation strategy should include regular security assessments of industrial control systems and implementation of network segmentation to limit local access privileges. Security monitoring should be enhanced to detect unauthorized access attempts to configuration files, and privileged access should be strictly controlled through proper authentication and authorization mechanisms. This vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper cryptographic implementation in industrial control systems and highlights the need for regular security updates and vulnerability assessments in operational technology environments.