CVE-2016-8932 in Kenexa LMS on Cloud
Summary
by MITRE
IBM Kenexa LMS on Cloud could allow a remote attacker to upload arbitrary files, which could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the vulnerable server.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/09/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2016-8932 affects IBM Kenexa Learning Management System (LMS) running in cloud environments, representing a critical security flaw that enables remote code execution through unauthorized file uploads. This vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and access control mechanisms within the application's file handling functionality. The flaw exists in the system's ability to process and store user-uploaded files without proper sanitization, creating an avenue for malicious actors to bypass security controls and deploy malicious payloads.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves a classic insecure file upload flaw where the application fails to properly validate file types, extensions, or content before storing them on the server. Attackers can exploit this weakness by crafting malicious files with specific extensions or embedded code that the system accepts as legitimate uploads. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it allows arbitrary code execution, meaning that successful exploitation could provide attackers with complete control over the affected server. This type of vulnerability is categorized under CWE-434, which specifically addresses "Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type," and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1190 for "Exploit Public-Facing Application" and T1059 for "Command and Scripting Interpreter."
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple unauthorized access, as it provides attackers with persistent control over the compromised system. Once an attacker successfully uploads malicious code, they can establish backdoors, exfiltrate sensitive data, or use the compromised server as a launch point for further attacks within the network. The cloud deployment model of IBM Kenexa LMS exacerbates the risk since these systems often contain sensitive employee training data, learning records, and potentially confidential organizational information. The vulnerability affects organizations that rely on cloud-based learning management systems for their educational and training programs, potentially exposing them to data breaches, intellectual property theft, and compliance violations.
Organizations should implement multiple layers of defense to mitigate this vulnerability, including immediate patching of affected systems, implementing strict file type validation, and deploying web application firewalls to monitor and block suspicious upload activities. Security measures should also include regular file integrity monitoring, access control reviews, and network segmentation to limit the potential impact of successful exploitation. The remediation process should involve comprehensive vulnerability scanning, proper input validation implementation, and regular security testing to ensure that similar flaws are not present in other components of the system. Additionally, organizations should conduct security awareness training for administrators and implement proper incident response procedures to quickly detect and respond to potential exploitation attempts.