CVE-2016-9274 in Git
Summary
by MITRE
Untrusted search path vulnerability in Git 1.x for Windows allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse git.exe file in the current working directory. NOTE: 2.x is unaffected.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/03/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2016-9274 represents a critical untrusted search path issue affecting Git 1.x versions on Windows operating systems. This flaw stems from the manner in which Git handles executable file resolution during command processing, creating an exploitable condition where malicious actors can elevate their privileges through carefully crafted file placement. The vulnerability specifically targets the Windows implementation of Git version 1.x, with version 2.x having been patched against this particular weakness, making it a version-specific concern that affects a substantial portion of Windows-based Git installations.
The technical root cause of this vulnerability lies in Git's failure to properly validate the execution path of its auxiliary executables, particularly when processing commands that require external tools or scripts. When Git processes certain operations, it searches for required executables in the current working directory before checking system paths, creating an opportunity for attackers to place a malicious git.exe file in the working directory. This Trojan horse approach exploits the principle of least privilege by leveraging the trust relationship between Git and its environment, allowing local users to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the user running Git. The vulnerability operates under CWE-428, which classifies untrusted search path vulnerabilities as a fundamental weakness in software design that enables privilege escalation through path manipulation.
The operational impact of CVE-2016-9274 extends beyond simple privilege escalation, as it can be leveraged to compromise entire development environments and potentially lead to broader system compromise. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability by placing a malicious git.exe file in a directory where Git is executed, such as during routine development tasks or when cloning repositories. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous in collaborative development environments where multiple users share common directories or when developers work on projects that may contain untrusted code. This weakness can be exploited through social engineering tactics, where an attacker convinces a victim to execute Git commands in a compromised directory, or through automated attacks that manipulate the working directory during Git operations. The attack vector aligns with ATT&CK technique T1068, which covers privilege escalation through local exploitation, and T1059, which involves executing malicious code through command-line interfaces.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2016-9274 primarily focus on upgrading to Git version 2.x, which contains the necessary patches to address the untrusted search path vulnerability. Organizations should implement comprehensive patch management procedures to ensure all Git installations are updated to the latest stable versions, particularly on Windows systems where this vulnerability is present. Additionally, system administrators should enforce strict directory permissions and implement monitoring for suspicious file placement activities in development directories. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure coding practices in software design, specifically regarding executable path resolution and the principle of least privilege. Organizations should also consider implementing application whitelisting solutions and monitoring for unauthorized executable modifications to prevent exploitation of similar vulnerabilities. Regular security assessments of development environments and adherence to secure configuration guidelines for Git installations can significantly reduce the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability serves as a reminder of the critical need for proper input validation and secure path resolution in software applications, particularly those handling user-executed commands on operating systems where path traversal attacks are possible.