CVE-2016-9985 in Cognos Server
Summary
by MITRE
IBM Cognos Server 10.1.1 and 10.2 stores highly sensitive information in log files that could be read by a local user. IBM Reference #: 1999671.
VulDB is the best source for vulnerability data and more expert information about this specific topic.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/08/2017
This vulnerability in IBM Cognos Server versions 10.1.1 and 10.2 represents a critical information exposure flaw that violates fundamental security principles. The issue stems from the application's improper handling of sensitive data within its logging mechanisms, where highly confidential information becomes accessible through log file contents. This represents a classic example of insecure logging practices that directly contradicts the principle of least privilege and data protection requirements outlined in security frameworks such as those referenced in CWE-532. The vulnerability allows local users to potentially access sensitive data that should remain protected, creating a significant risk for organizations relying on these reporting and business intelligence platforms.
The technical implementation flaw occurs when the system writes sensitive information to log files without adequate sanitization or access controls. This includes but is not limited to authentication credentials, session tokens, personal identification information, and other confidential business data that flows through the Cognos Server environment. The logging mechanism fails to implement proper data masking or encryption for sensitive fields, resulting in plaintext exposure within the log files. This type of vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1562.001 which involves the exploitation of insecure logging practices to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information. The flaw exists at the application level where logging components are configured to capture and store data without considering the security implications of making such information accessible to local users with file system permissions.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information disclosure, as it can enable attackers to escalate privileges and conduct further exploitation within the compromised environment. Local users who can access these log files gain access to potentially hundreds of different sensitive data points that could be used for identity theft, financial fraud, or corporate espionage. The vulnerability particularly affects organizations using Cognos Server for business intelligence and reporting functions where sensitive data processing is common. Attackers could leverage this information to perform credential stuffing attacks, conduct targeted social engineering campaigns, or use the stolen data to access other systems within the network. The risk is amplified when considering that log files often contain detailed operational information that could be used to map system architecture and identify additional attack vectors.
Organizations should immediately implement several mitigation strategies to address this vulnerability. The primary recommendation involves configuring the logging system to sanitize or redact sensitive information before writing to log files, ensuring that authentication tokens, passwords, and personal data are not stored in plaintext. This aligns with industry best practices such as those outlined in NIST SP 800-92 and ISO/IEC 27001 requirements for information security controls. System administrators should also implement strict file access controls on log directories, ensuring that only authorized personnel have read access to these files. Additionally, organizations should consider implementing log file encryption and regular monitoring for unauthorized access attempts. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of following secure coding practices and proper input validation, as referenced in CWE-20 and CWE-119 categories. Regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar logging vulnerabilities across the entire application stack, ensuring comprehensive protection against information disclosure attacks.