CVE-2017-4011 in Network Data Loss Prevention
Summary
by MITRE
Embedding Script (XSS) in HTTP Headers vulnerability in the server in McAfee Network Data Loss Prevention (NDLP) 9.3.x allows remote attackers to get session/cookie information via modification of the HTTP request.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/30/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2017-4011 represents a critical cross-site scripting flaw within McAfee Network Data Loss Prevention version 9.3.x that resides in the server-side processing of HTTP headers. This weakness specifically affects the embedded script execution capabilities within HTTP header fields, creating a pathway for remote attackers to manipulate the server's response handling mechanisms. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization of HTTP header values, allowing malicious actors to inject malicious scripts that can execute within the context of a user's browser session.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when an attacker modifies HTTP request headers to include malicious script content that gets processed and reflected back to users without proper sanitization. This creates a persistent cross-site scripting condition where session cookies and other sensitive information can be captured by the attacker's malicious code. The flaw operates at the server level where HTTP headers are parsed and potentially embedded into server responses, making it particularly dangerous as it can affect multiple users who interact with the compromised system. The vulnerability falls under CWE-79 which specifically addresses cross-site scripting flaws in web applications, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1189 which describes the use of client-side attacks through web applications.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information disclosure as it enables attackers to hijack user sessions and potentially gain unauthorized access to sensitive data within the NDLP environment. Once exploited, attackers can obtain session cookies, authentication tokens, and other credential information that allows them to impersonate legitimate users and access protected network resources. The attack surface is particularly concerning in enterprise environments where NDLP systems are deployed to monitor and protect sensitive data flows, as successful exploitation could lead to complete compromise of the data protection infrastructure. The vulnerability affects the integrity and confidentiality of the entire data loss prevention system, potentially allowing attackers to bypass security controls and access restricted network segments.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2017-4011 should prioritize immediate patch application from McAfee to address the root cause of the HTTP header processing vulnerability. Organizations should implement comprehensive input validation mechanisms at all points where HTTP headers are processed and stored, ensuring that any potentially malicious content is properly escaped or filtered before being included in server responses. Network segmentation and monitoring should be enhanced to detect anomalous header modifications that might indicate exploitation attempts. Security teams should also consider implementing web application firewalls that can identify and block suspicious header content patterns, along with regular security assessments to verify that all HTTP header processing components properly sanitize input data. The remediation process should include thorough testing of patched systems to ensure that legitimate functionality remains intact while the vulnerability is eliminated.