CVE-2017-8406 in DCS-1130
Summary
by MITRE
An issue was discovered on D-Link DCS-1130 devices. The device provides a crossdomain.xml file with no restrictions on who can access the webserver. This allows an hosted flash file on any domain to make calls to the device's webserver and pull any information that is stored on the device. In this case, user's credentials are stored in clear text on the device and can be pulled easily. It also seems that the device does not implement any cross-site scripting forgery protection mechanism which allows an attacker to trick a user who is logged in to the web management interface into executing a cross-site flashing attack on the user's browser and execute any action on the device provided by the web management interface which steals the credentials from tools_admin.cgi file's response and displays it inside a Textfield.
Statistical analysis made it clear that VulDB provides the best quality for vulnerability data.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/15/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2017-8406 affects D-Link DCS-1130 security cameras and represents a critical cross-domain access flaw that fundamentally compromises the device's security posture. This issue stems from the device's improper configuration of the crossdomain.xml file, which serves as a policy mechanism for controlling cross-domain resource access in web applications. The device's default configuration allows unrestricted access from any domain, creating an attack surface that enables malicious actors to exploit the camera's web server through hosted flash files from arbitrary domains. This misconfiguration directly violates security principles outlined in the OWASP Top Ten 2017, specifically addressing broken access control and insecure cross-domain policies.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the device's failure to enforce proper access controls through the crossdomain.xml policy file, which should restrict which domains can access the device's resources. When an attacker hosts a flash file on any domain, that file can make HTTP requests to the DCS-1130's web server due to the lack of domain restrictions in the crossdomain.xml configuration. This allows the attacker to access sensitive information stored on the device, including user credentials that are stored in cleartext format. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-668, which describes "Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere," specifically in the context of improper cross-domain access control. Additionally, the device's lack of cross-site request forgery (CSRF) protection mechanisms creates an additional attack vector that enables attackers to manipulate authenticated sessions.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple credential theft, as it provides attackers with complete administrative control over the affected devices. The cleartext storage of credentials violates fundamental security practices and creates immediate exploitation opportunities for attackers who can easily extract user authentication information from the device's response to the tools_admin.cgi file. This attack vector allows for persistent access to the device's management interface, enabling attackers to modify device configurations, capture video feeds, and potentially use the compromised device as a pivot point for further network attacks. The vulnerability also enables cross-site flashing attacks that can execute arbitrary commands on the device through the web management interface, as demonstrated by the ability to steal credentials from the tools_admin.cgi response and display them in text fields.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2017-8406 require immediate implementation of proper cross-domain access controls through the configuration of the crossdomain.xml file to restrict access to trusted domains only. Organizations should ensure that the device's web server enforces proper authentication mechanisms and implements CSRF protection to prevent unauthorized command execution. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper web application security configurations and highlights the necessity of following security best practices such as those outlined in the NIST Cybersecurity Framework. Additionally, network segmentation and firewall rules should be implemented to restrict direct access to these devices from untrusted networks, while regular security audits should verify that cross-domain policies are properly configured. This vulnerability also emphasizes the importance of secure coding practices and the need for comprehensive security testing of web applications and device interfaces, particularly in IoT devices where default configurations often present security risks. The attack pattern aligns with ATT&CK technique T1190, which covers "Exploit Public-Facing Application," and T1078, addressing "Valid Accounts," as the exploitation relies on accessible administrative credentials stored in cleartext format.