CVE-2017-9744 in binutils
Summary
by MITRE
The sh_elf_set_mach_from_flags function in bfd/elf32-sh.c in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.28, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (buffer overflow and application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted binary file, as demonstrated by mishandling of this file during "objdump -D" execution.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/29/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2017-9744 resides within the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library component of GNU Binutils version 2.28, specifically in the sh_elf_set_mach_from_flags function located in bfd/elf32-sh.c. This flaw represents a critical buffer overflow condition that can be exploited through maliciously crafted binary files, potentially leading to denial of service scenarios or more severe consequences depending on the execution context. The vulnerability manifests when the objdump utility processes specially constructed ELF files, demonstrating the dangerous potential of improper input validation in fundamental system tools that handle binary file analysis.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate bounds checking within the sh_elf_set_mach_from_flags function which processes machine architecture flags in SuperH ELF binaries. When a crafted binary file contains malformed or excessively large flag data structures, the function fails to properly validate buffer boundaries before copying data, resulting in memory corruption that can trigger application crashes or unpredictable behavior. This type of vulnerability aligns with CWE-121, which describes stack-based buffer overflow conditions, and represents a classic example of improper input validation in system-level software components. The flaw specifically affects the handling of SH (SuperH) architecture ELF files, making it particularly relevant for embedded systems and cross-compilation environments that utilize this processor architecture.
The operational impact of CVE-2017-9744 extends beyond simple denial of service scenarios, as demonstrated by its exploitation during objdump -D command execution. Attackers can remotely trigger this vulnerability by preparing malicious binary files that, when processed by objdump or similar BFD-dependent tools, cause the application to crash or behave unpredictably. This presents significant risks in automated build systems, security analysis tools, and environments where binary file inspection is routine. The vulnerability can be leveraged in supply chain attacks where malicious files are introduced into development pipelines, or in security testing scenarios where automated tools process untrusted binary content. The potential for unspecified other impacts suggests that under certain conditions, this buffer overflow might be exploitable for code execution, making it a serious concern for system administrators and security professionals.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2017-9744 should prioritize immediate patching of affected GNU Binutils installations, particularly versions 2.28 and earlier, to ensure that the vulnerable sh_elf_set_mach_from_flags function receives proper bounds checking and input validation. System administrators should implement strict file validation procedures for binary content processed by objdump and related BFD utilities, particularly in automated environments where untrusted files might be encountered. Additionally, organizations should consider deploying network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure of systems running vulnerable versions of binutils, while also implementing monitoring for unusual objdump execution patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this type of vulnerability under privilege escalation and execution techniques, emphasizing the need for comprehensive security controls that address both the immediate vulnerability and potential exploitation vectors in enterprise environments.