CVE-2018-10183 in BigTree
Summary
by MITRE
An issue was discovered in BigTree 4.2.22. There is cross-site scripting (XSS) in /core/inc/lib/less.php/test/index.php because of a $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] echo, as demonstrated by the dir parameter in a file=charsets action.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/28/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-10183 resides within the BigTree CMS version 4.2.22, specifically within the file less.php/test/index.php which is part of the core library components. This represents a classic cross-site scripting flaw that allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users. The vulnerability manifests through the improper handling of the $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] variable, which is directly echoed without adequate sanitization or encoding mechanisms. The attack vector is particularly concerning as it leverages the dir parameter within a file=charsets action, demonstrating how seemingly benign URI components can be exploited to deliver malicious payloads.
This vulnerability falls under CWE-79 which specifically addresses Cross-Site Scripting flaws in software applications. The technical implementation involves the web application failing to properly validate and sanitize user input that originates from the HTTP request URI. When the application echos the REQUEST_URI value directly into the response without proper output encoding, it creates an opportunity for attackers to inject malicious JavaScript code. The flaw exists in the server-side processing logic where input validation is insufficient, allowing arbitrary code execution within the context of other users' browsers. This type of vulnerability enables attackers to potentially steal session cookies, deface websites, redirect users to malicious sites, or perform other malicious activities.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft or website defacement. Attackers can exploit this XSS flaw to hijack user sessions, particularly if the application relies on cookie-based authentication mechanisms. The vulnerability affects all users of the affected BigTree CMS version, creating a widespread security risk for organizations that have not updated their systems. The attack requires minimal sophistication as it can be executed through simple URL manipulation, making it particularly dangerous for widespread exploitation. Organizations may face regulatory compliance issues, reputational damage, and potential legal consequences if user data is compromised through such vulnerabilities.
Mitigation strategies should include immediate patching of the BigTree CMS to version 4.2.23 or later where this vulnerability has been addressed. Organizations should implement proper input validation and output encoding mechanisms for all user-supplied data, particularly URI components. The implementation of Content Security Policy headers can provide additional protection against XSS attacks by restricting script execution. Regular security audits and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other components of the web application. Additionally, implementing proper web application firewalls and input sanitization libraries can help prevent exploitation of such flaws. The vulnerability serves as a reminder of the critical importance of proper input validation and output encoding in web applications, as outlined in the OWASP Top Ten and NIST cybersecurity guidelines.