CVE-2018-10994 in Open Whisper Signal
Summary
by MITRE
js/views/message_view.js in Open Whisper Signal (aka Signal-Desktop) before 1.10.1 allows XSS via a URL.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/13/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-10994 affects Open Whisper Signal Desktop client version 1.10.1 and earlier, representing a cross-site scripting flaw in the message_view.js component. This issue arises from insufficient input validation and sanitization when processing URLs within the desktop messaging application. The vulnerability specifically targets the js/views/message_view.js file which handles the rendering of messages containing URLs, creating an avenue for malicious actors to inject arbitrary JavaScript code that executes within the context of the user's browser session.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from improper handling of URL content during message rendering processes. When the Signal-Desktop application processes incoming messages containing URLs, it fails to adequately sanitize or escape the URL content before displaying it to users. This allows attackers to craft malicious URLs that contain JavaScript payloads which execute when users view the message containing the crafted link. The flaw operates under CWE-79 which categorizes cross-site scripting vulnerabilities as a result of insufficient input validation and output encoding. The vulnerability enables attackers to execute arbitrary code in the user's browser context, potentially leading to session hijacking, data theft, or further exploitation of the compromised system.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution, as it represents a significant security risk for Signal Desktop users who may unknowingly encounter malicious links in their communications. Attackers could leverage this vulnerability to steal user credentials, access sensitive communications, or redirect users to phishing sites. The attack surface is particularly concerning given that Signal Desktop users expect a high level of security and privacy in their communications, making this vulnerability particularly damaging to the application's security posture. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 which involves the execution of scripts through web browsers, and T1566 which encompasses social engineering attacks through malicious links. This vulnerability affects all users of the affected Signal Desktop versions and could be exploited through various attack vectors including phishing emails, compromised messaging platforms, or malicious social engineering campaigns.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2018-10994 require immediate application of the patched version 1.10.1 or later which implements proper URL sanitization and input validation mechanisms. Organizations should also consider implementing additional security measures such as web application firewalls that can detect and block malicious URL patterns, network-based intrusion detection systems that monitor for suspicious traffic patterns, and user education programs that emphasize the importance of verifying link legitimacy. Security teams should conduct regular vulnerability assessments to ensure that all Signal Desktop installations are updated and monitor for any potential exploitation attempts. The patch addresses the root cause by implementing proper HTML escaping and URL validation techniques that prevent malicious JavaScript from executing within the application's rendering context. Additionally, administrators should consider implementing network segmentation and access controls to limit potential damage from successful exploitation attempts, while maintaining regular security monitoring to detect any anomalous behavior that might indicate exploitation of this vulnerability.