CVE-2018-13358 in TerraMaster TOS
Summary
by MITRE
System command injection in ajaxdata.php in TerraMaster TOS version 3.1.03 allows attackers to execute system commands via the "checkName" parameter.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/15/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-13358 represents a critical system command injection flaw within the TerraMaster TOS operating system version 3.1.03. This issue resides in the ajaxdata.php component which processes user input through the "checkName" parameter, creating an avenue for malicious actors to execute arbitrary system commands on the affected device. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization mechanisms that fail to properly filter or escape user-supplied data before it is processed by the system. This allows attackers to inject malicious commands that are subsequently executed with the privileges of the web application, potentially leading to complete system compromise.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability follows a pattern consistent with command injection attacks classified under CWE-77 and CWE-88 within the Common Weakness Enumeration framework. Attackers can manipulate the "checkName" parameter to append malicious commands that get executed by the underlying operating system through shell execution functions. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it operates at the application layer and can be exploited remotely without requiring authentication, making it accessible to any attacker who can submit requests to the vulnerable endpoint. The affected TerraMaster TOS version 3.1.03 demonstrates a failure in input sanitization practices that aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for Command and Scripting Interpreter, where adversaries leverage application vulnerabilities to execute malicious commands.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple command execution to encompass complete system compromise and potential lateral movement within network environments. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability can gain root-level access to the TerraMaster device, enabling them to modify system files, install backdoors, steal sensitive data, or use the compromised device as a pivot point for attacking other systems on the network. The vulnerability affects devices that rely on the TerraMaster TOS platform for network-attached storage solutions, making it particularly dangerous in enterprise environments where these devices often serve as critical infrastructure components. Organizations using affected systems may experience unauthorized data access, system availability disruption, and potential compliance violations due to the exposure of sensitive information.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2018-13358 should prioritize immediate patching of the affected TerraMaster TOS version 3.1.03 to the latest available security update from the vendor. Network segmentation and firewall rules should be implemented to restrict access to the vulnerable web interface, limiting exposure to trusted network segments only. Input validation should be strengthened through parameterized queries and proper sanitization of all user-supplied data before processing, implementing the principle of least privilege for web application execution contexts. Security monitoring should be enhanced to detect anomalous command execution patterns and unusual network traffic originating from affected devices. Organizations should also conduct thorough vulnerability assessments of their entire network infrastructure to identify other potentially vulnerable devices running older versions of TerraMaster TOS or similar software platforms that may be susceptible to similar command injection vulnerabilities. The remediation process should include comprehensive testing of patched systems to ensure that the vulnerability has been properly addressed without introducing regressions in system functionality.