CVE-2018-14712 in RT-AC3200
Summary
by MITRE
Buffer overflow in appGet.cgi on ASUS RT-AC3200 version 3.0.0.4.382.50010 allows attackers to inject system commands via the "hook" URL parameter.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/15/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-14712 represents a critical buffer overflow flaw in the web interface of ASUS RT-AC3200 routers running firmware version 3.0.0.4.382.50010. This issue specifically affects the appGet.cgi script which handles various administrative functions through the web management interface. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization mechanisms within the hook URL parameter processing, creating a pathway for malicious command injection attacks. The buffer overflow occurs when the system fails to properly validate the length of data submitted through the hook parameter, allowing attackers to exceed allocated memory buffers and potentially overwrite adjacent memory regions. This flaw resides in the router's web server component that processes user-supplied data without sufficient boundary checks, making it susceptible to exploitation by remote attackers who can manipulate the application's execution flow.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability enables attackers to execute arbitrary system commands with the privileges of the web server process, which typically runs with administrative access to the router's operating system. When the hook parameter contains malicious input that exceeds the buffer capacity, the overflow can be leveraged to overwrite return addresses and function pointers, potentially allowing attackers to redirect execution flow or inject shellcode. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it allows remote code execution without requiring authentication, meaning that an attacker could exploit this flaw from outside the local network. This type of vulnerability is classified as CWE-121 Stack-based Buffer Overflow, which is a well-documented weakness in software design that allows attackers to manipulate memory layout and execute malicious code. The attack surface is further expanded by the fact that the vulnerable parameter is accessible through standard HTTP GET requests, making exploitation straightforward and easily automated.
The operational impact of CVE-2018-14712 extends beyond simple command injection, as successful exploitation can lead to complete compromise of the affected router. Attackers can gain persistent access to the network infrastructure, potentially using the compromised device as a pivot point for further attacks against internal network systems. The vulnerability enables attackers to modify router configurations, install malicious firmware, or establish backdoor access that persists across reboots. Additionally, the compromised device can be used for various malicious activities including DNS hijacking, man-in-the-middle attacks, or as part of botnet formations. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to multiple techniques including T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter and T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation, demonstrating how a single vulnerability can enable a wide range of malicious activities. Network security monitoring systems should be configured to detect anomalous traffic patterns and unusual command execution patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2018-14712 should include immediate firmware updates from ASUS to address the buffer overflow vulnerability, as the vendor has released patches to resolve this issue. Organizations should implement network segmentation to limit the impact of potential exploitation and deploy intrusion detection systems that can monitor for suspicious URL parameter patterns. Network administrators should also disable unnecessary services and ensure that router management interfaces are not exposed to untrusted networks. Regular security assessments of network infrastructure should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other network devices, particularly those running outdated firmware versions. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure coding practices including input validation, memory management, and proper buffer handling, which aligns with security standards such as OWASP Top Ten and NIST Cybersecurity Framework. Continuous monitoring and vulnerability management programs should be implemented to ensure timely patch deployment and reduce the window of exposure for similar vulnerabilities in network infrastructure devices.