CVE-2018-19241 in TV-IP110WN
Summary
by MITRE
Buffer overflow in video.cgi on TRENDnet TV-IP110WN V1.2.2 build 68, V1.2.2.65, and V1.2.2 build 64 and TV-IP121WN V1.2.2 build 28 devices allows attackers to hijack the control flow to any attacker-specified location by crafting a POST request payload (without authentication).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/20/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-19241 represents a critical buffer overflow flaw within the video.cgi web interface component of TRENDnet IP camera devices including the TV-IP110WN and TV-IP121WN models. This vulnerability exists in specific firmware versions and allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by manipulating the control flow of the affected device. The flaw resides in the handling of POST request payloads sent to the video.cgi endpoint, making it particularly dangerous as it requires no authentication credentials to exploit. The buffer overflow occurs when the device processes user-supplied data without proper bounds checking, enabling attackers to overwrite adjacent memory locations and potentially execute malicious code at the privilege level of the web server process.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability follows the classic buffer overflow pattern where insufficient input validation permits attackers to exceed the allocated buffer space in memory. The affected TRENDnet devices process HTTP POST requests containing parameters that are directly copied into fixed-size buffers without adequate bounds verification. This allows an attacker to craft a malicious payload that overflows the buffer and subsequently overwrites the instruction pointer or other critical control data structures. The vulnerability specifically impacts the web server component running on these IP cameras, which typically operates with elevated privileges to access camera functions and network interfaces. Attackers can leverage this flaw to redirect execution flow to arbitrary memory locations, potentially enabling complete system compromise through code injection attacks.
The operational impact of CVE-2018-19241 extends beyond simple privilege escalation as it provides attackers with persistent access to network-connected IP cameras that are often deployed in security-sensitive environments. The lack of authentication requirements means that any attacker with network access can exploit this vulnerability, making it particularly dangerous for devices deployed in untrusted network segments. Compromise of these devices can lead to unauthorized surveillance, data exfiltration, and potential use as pivot points for further attacks within the network infrastructure. The vulnerability affects devices that are commonly used for home and small office security monitoring, where the lack of proper security updates and firmware management can leave these systems permanently exposed to exploitation. The attack surface is further expanded as these devices typically remain accessible on the network without proper segmentation, providing attackers with continuous access opportunities.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2018-19241 should focus on immediate firmware updates from TRENDnet, as the vendor has released patches addressing this specific vulnerability. Organizations should implement network segmentation to isolate IP camera devices from critical systems and enforce strict access controls through firewalls and access lists. Regular vulnerability scanning and network monitoring should be employed to detect potential exploitation attempts, while network administrators should consider disabling unnecessary services and ports on affected devices. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-121, which describes stack-based buffer overflow conditions, and represents a classic example of how unvalidated input processing can lead to arbitrary code execution. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to T1059 (Command and Scripting Interpreter) and T1071 (Application Layer Protocol) as attackers can leverage the web interface to execute commands and communicate through HTTP protocols. Device administrators should also consider implementing intrusion detection systems that monitor for anomalous POST request patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts against this specific vulnerability.